Analisis Yuridis Empiris Pernikahan di Bawah Umur dan Perlindungan Hukum Anak Perempuan di Sumberlawang
Empirical Juridical Analysis of Child Marriage and Legal Protection of Girls in Sumberlawang District
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/slr.v7i1.13982Keywords:
Pernikahan di Bawah Umur, Perlindungan Hukum, Kesadaran Hukum, Sosial BudayaAbstract
Child marriage remains a significant legal and social issue in Indonesia despite the establishment of a minimum legal marriage age under Law Number 16 of 2019, indicating a gap between legal norms and their implementation in society; therefore, this study aims to analyze the practice of Child Marriage, identify its underlying factors, and evaluate the effectiveness of legal protection for children and women. This research employs an empirical legal method with a socio-juridical approach, with data collected through interviews with officials of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Sumberlawang District and a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials, which were analyzed qualitatively. The results show that Child Marriage persists due to premarital pregnancy, individual willingness influenced by socio-cultural environments, and low levels of legal awareness, as well as weak legal dissemination and supervision, resulting in suboptimal legal protection. The novelty of this study lies in its empirical juridical approach that integrates normative analysis with local social realities, providing a comprehensive understanding of the disparity between law in books and law in action in Child Marriage practices and its implications for the legal protection of children and women.
Abstrak
Pernikahan di bawah umur masih menjadi permasalahan hukum dan sosial di Indonesia meskipun telah ditetapkan batas usia minimum perkawinan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019, yang menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara norma hukum dan praktik di masyarakat; oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik pernikahan di bawah umur, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebabnya, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas perlindungan hukum terhadap anak dan perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, dengan data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan aparat Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Sumberlawang serta studi kepustakaan terhadap bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pernikahan di bawah umur masih terjadi akibat faktor kehamilan di luar nikah, kehendak pribadi yang dipengaruhi lingkungan sosial budaya, serta rendahnya tingkat kesadaran hukum masyarakat, di samping lemahnya sosialisasi hukum dan pengawasan terhadap praktik perkawinan yang menyebabkan perlindungan hukum belum berjalan optimal. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penggunaan pendekatan yuridis empiris yang mengintegrasikan analisis normatif dengan realitas sosial secara spesifik di tingkat lokal, sehingga memberikan pemahaman komprehensif mengenai disparitas antara law in books dan law in action dalam praktik pernikahan di bawah umur serta implikasinya terhadap perlindungan hukum anak dan perempuan.
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