Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Hak Cipta atas Cover Lagu K-Pop Berbasis AI di YouTube dalam Perspektif Hukum Hak Cipta
Legal Protection of Copyright Holders for AI-Based K-Pop Song Covers on YouTube from a Copyright Law Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/slr.v7i1.13421Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Cover lagu, Hak cipta, K-Pop, Perlindungan HukumAbstract
This study aims to analyze the forms of legal protection for copyright holders of K-Pop songs that are covered using Artificial Intelligence (AI) illegally on the YouTube platform, as well as to examine the legal consequences for perpetrators under Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The background of this research is the growing use of AI to reproduce musical works without authorization, which may violate creators' moral and economic rights, thereby highlighting a gap between technological advancement and existing legal regulations. This research employs a normative juridical method, drawing on statutory and conceptual approaches, and analyzes legal materials such as legislation, scholarly literature, and legal doctrines qualitatively. The results show that unauthorized AI-generated covers constitute a violation of the creator’s economic rights, particularly the rights of reproduction and public communication, thereby entitling copyright holders to legal protection both preventively, through increased legal awareness, strengthening digital licensing systems, and optimizing protection mechanisms on digital platforms, and repressively, through law enforcement measures including claims for damages, cessation of infringement through provisional court orders, and the imposition of criminal sanctions in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on copyright infringement involving AI-based K-Pop song covers on digital platforms, a topic that remains relatively underexplored in Indonesian legal scholarship, and in its emphasis on the need for adaptive copyright regulations in response to the development of AI technology. In conclusion, strengthening adaptive legal frameworks and enforcement mechanisms is essential to ensure effective protection for copyright holders while maintaining a balance between technological innovation and intellectual property rights.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang hak cipta atas lagu K-Pop yang di-cover menggunakan kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) secara ilegal melalui platform YouTube, serta mengkaji akibat hukum bagi pelaku berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Peningkatan penggunaan teknologi AI dalam mereproduksi karya musik tanpa izin yang berpotensi melanggar hak moral dan hak ekonomi pencipta, sehingga menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara perkembangan teknologi digital dan regulasi hukum yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, dengan bahan hukum berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur ilmiah, dan doktrin hukum yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik AI-generated cover tanpa izin merupakan pelanggaran hak ekonomi pencipta, khususnya terkait hak reproduksi dan hak pengumuman, sehingga pemegang hak cipta berhak memperoleh perlindungan hukum baik secara preventif melalui peningkatan kesadaran hukum, penguatan sistem lisensi digital, dan optimalisasi mekanisme perlindungan pada platform digital, maupun secara represif melalui penegakan hukum berupa gugatan ganti rugi, penghentian pelanggaran melalui penetapan sementara pengadilan, serta penerapan sanksi pidana sesuai ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dengan fokus pada kajian terhadap pelanggaran hak cipta berbasis teknologi AI dalam praktik cover lagu K-Pop di platform digital yang masih terbatas dalam literatur hukum di Indonesia, sekaligus menegaskan pentingnya adaptasi regulasi hak cipta terhadap perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan. Kesimpulannya, diperlukan penguatan regulasi dan penegakan hukum yang adaptif guna menjamin perlindungan efektif bagi pemegang hak cipta serta menjaga keseimbangan antara inovasi teknologi dan perlindungan hak kekayaan intelektual.
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