PERAN ADVOKAT DALAM MENJAMIN DUE PROCESS OF LAW PADA PERKARA PENIPUAN EKONOMI (Pasal 379a KUHP): REFLEKSI ATAS SINERGI DAN INTEGRITAS CATUR WANGSA PENEGAK HUKUM

Abstract

Law enforcement in economic fraud cases is becoming increasingly complex, requiring guarantees  of due process of law as the foundation of justice. Lawyers play a central role, not only as client advocates, but also as guardians of the legal process to ensure it  remains in line with principles of the rule of law. This study uses the case study of Decision Number 138/Pid.B/2025/PN Smg to evaluate the synergy and integrity of the four pillars of law enforcement (judges, prosecutors, police, and lawyers). Thus, the role of synergy among the four branches as a determining factor in the implementation of due process of law in economic fraud cases, an area that often focuses only on the roles of each instituition separately. Using normative and empirical legal methods, reinforced by the theoretical framework of the rule of law and the principle of fair trial, the results of the analysis show the significant role of lawyers in safeguarding the rights of defedents. Howefer, fundamental weaknesses were found in the coordination between law enforcement agencies and unequal perceptions of the independence of advocates. This study concludes that the suboptimal synergy of Catur Wangsa is the main obstacle to the substantive realization of due process of law. Therefore, practical recommendations are formulated to build a more integrated coordination mechanism to strengthen the integrity of the criminal justice system.

Abstrak

Penegakan hukum dalam perkara penipuan ekonomi semakin kompleks, menuntut jaminan atas prinsip due process of law sebagai fondasi keadilan. Advokat memagang peran sentral, tidak hanya sebagai pendamping klien, tetapi juga sebagai pengawal proses hukum agar tetap sejalan denga prinsip-prinsip negara hukum (rule of law). Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus Putusan Nomor 138/Pid.B/2025/PN Smg untuk mengevaluasi sinergi dan integritas Catur Wangsa penegak hukum (hakim, jaksa, polisi, dan advokat). Maka, peran aspek sinergi Catur Wangsa sebagai faktor determinan dalam implementasi due process of law pada perkara penipuan ekonomi, sebuah area yang seringkali hanya berfokus pada peran masing-masing institusi secara terpisah. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dan empiris, serta diperkuat oleh kerangka teoritis rule of law dan asas fair trial, hasil analisis menunjukkan peran signifikan advokat dalam mengawal hak-hak terdakwa. Namun, ditemukan kelemahan fundamental dalam koordinasi antar penegak hukum dan persepsi yang belum setara terhadap independensi advokat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sinergi Catur Wangsa yang belum optimal menjadi penghambat utama terwujudnya due process of law secara substantif. Oleh karena itu, dirumuskan rekomendasi praktis untuk membangun mekanisme koordinasi yang lebih terintegrasi guna memperkuat integritas sistem peradilan pidana.