KEABSAHAN TALAK DILUAR PENGADILAN BERDASARKAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA

Umu Malikah, Dian Septiandani, Muhammad Junaidi

Abstract


ABSTRAK

 

 

Artikel ilmiah ini membahas membahas keabsahan   talak yang dilakukan di luar pengadilan yang ada   dalam dua pandangan antara hukum Islam dan hukum positif   di Indonesia. Menurut hukum Fikih (Islam) perceraian dianggap jatuh hukumnya ketika seorang suami mengucapkan kata talak kepada isterinya baik secara jelas maupun kiyasan. Sedangkan menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan dijelaskan bahwa perceraian hanya dapat dilakukan di depan Pengadilan setelah pengadilan yang bersangkutan berusaha dan tidak berhasil mendamaikan kedua belah pihak dalam perspektif hukum positif ini, talak hanya dapat dilakukan di depan sidang pengadilan. Artinya, penjatuhan talak dapat dikatakan berlaku dan mempunyai kekuatan hukum ketika perceraian tersebut diputus di Pengadilan. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam skripsi ini adalah hukum Talak di luar pengadilan berdasarkan Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia, dan perbedaan   pandangan empat Mazhab Syafi i, Mazhab Hanafi, Mazhab Hambali dan Mazhab Maliki. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundangan-undangan dan pendekatan perbandingan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, dihasilkan kesimpulan bahwa talak yang dijatuhkan di luar pengadilan adalah sah menurut hukum Islam, dan beberapa pandangan para ulama   sehingga perkawinannya putus sesuai dengan aturan fikih Islam. Namun perceraian tersebut tidak sah menurut hukum positif di Indonesia, sehingga di mata hukum positif perkawinannya belum putus dan hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia yang dijadikan sebagai pedoman terhadap putusnya perkawinan, dikarenakan akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan setelah terjadinya perceraian lebih diatur dengan jelas, sehingga kewajiban dan hak yang timbul setelah terjadinya perceraian lebih terjamin.

 Kata Kunci : keabsahan Talak, Luar Pengadilan, Hukum Islam, Hukum Positif Indonesia

ABSTRACT

 

 

This thesis discusses the legitimacy of divorce which is carried out outside the court which is in two views between Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia. According to Fiqh (Islamic) law, divorce is considered legally binding when a husband pronounces the word talak to his wife both clearly and figuratively. Meanwhile, according to the Marriage Law, it is explained that divorce can only be carried out in front of the Court after the court concerned tries and fails to reconcile the two parties in this positive legal perspective, divorce can only be done before a court session. That is, the imposition of divorce can be said to be valid and has legal force when the divorce is decided in court. The issues raised in this thesis are the divorce law outside the court based on Islamic Law and Positive Law in Indonesia, and the different views of the four Shafi'i Schools, the Hanafi School, the Hambali School and the Maliki School. This research is a normative legal research with a statutory approach and a comparative approach.

Based on the research conducted, it is concluded that the divorce handed down out of court is legal according to Islamic law, and some views of the scholars so that the marriage broke up according to the rules of Islamic jurisprudence. However, the divorce is not valid according to positive law in Indonesia, so that in the eyes of positive law the marriage has not been broken and the positive law that applies in Indonesia is used as a guide to the termination of marriage, because the legal consequences that arise after the divorce are more clearly regulated, so that obligations and rights that arise after the divorce is more secure.

Keywords: the validity of divorce, out of court, Islamic law, Indonesian positive law

 

 



Full Text:

PDF


DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/slr.v2i2.3961

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.