Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Bagi Pelaku Penggandaan Buku Tanpa Izin Dari Pemegang Hak Cipta 18 10
Legal Liability for Unauthorized Reproduction of Books without the Permission of the Copyright Holder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/slr.v7i2.15315Keywords:
Hak Cipta, Penggandaan Buku, Pertanggungjawaban HukumAbstract
This study examines the legal liability arising from the unauthorized reproduction of books and the legal protection available to copyright holders under Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright. Unauthorized book reproduction not only causes economic losses to authors and copyright holders but also undermines the protection of exclusive rights within the intellectual property rights system. This study employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The study relies on secondary legal materials obtained through literature review and documentary research, which are analyzed qualitatively. The findings demonstrate that the unauthorized reproduction of books constitutes an infringement of the author’s economic rights and may give rise to legal liability under the Copyright Law. Such liability may be pursued through civil proceedings, including claims for damages before the Commercial Court, as well as through criminal proceedings depending on the nature and elements of the infringement. Administrative measures, including the seizure of infringing copies or materials associated with the infringement, may also be applicable. Legal protection for copyright holders is provided through both preventive and repressive mechanisms. Preventive protection is established through the automatic recognition of copyright upon the creation of a work, while copyright recordation serves as an evidentiary instrument. Repressive protection is available through both litigation and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. The study finds that although Indonesia’s legal framework provides relatively comprehensive instruments for protecting copyright, the effectiveness of such protection against unauthorized book reproduction remains constrained by limitations in law enforcement, monitoring, and public awareness of copyright protection. Accordingly, stronger enforcement mechanisms and broader public education are necessary to ensure that copyright protection extends beyond normative regulation and provides effective safeguards for the economic and moral interests of authors and copyright holders.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis pertanggungjawaban hukum terhadap penggandaan buku tanpa izin pemegang hak cipta serta bentuk perlindungan hukum yang tersedia bagi pemegang hak cipta berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Praktik penggandaan buku tanpa izin tidak hanya menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi bagi pencipta dan pemegang hak cipta, tetapi juga berpotensi mengikis penghormatan terhadap hak eksklusif dalam sistem perlindungan kekayaan intelektual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggandaan buku tanpa izin pemegang hak cipta merupakan pelanggaran terhadap hak ekonomi pencipta dan dapat menimbulkan pertanggungjawaban hukum berdasarkan ketentuan Undang-Undang Hak Cipta. Pertanggungjawaban tersebut dapat ditempuh melalui mekanisme perdata berupa gugatan ganti rugi melalui Pengadilan Niaga serta mekanisme pidana sesuai dengan karakteristik dan unsur pelanggaran yang dilakukan, selain kemungkinan penerapan tindakan administratif berupa penyitaan terhadap hasil atau sarana yang berkaitan dengan pelanggaran. Perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak cipta diberikan melalui mekanisme preventif dan represif. Perlindungan preventif diwujudkan melalui pengakuan hak cipta secara otomatis sejak ciptaan diwujudkan serta pencatatan ciptaan sebagai instrumen pembuktian, sedangkan perlindungan represif dilakukan melalui penyelesaian sengketa secara litigasi maupun nonlitigasi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa meskipun kerangka hukum Indonesia telah menyediakan instrumen yang relatif komprehensif, efektivitas perlindungan hak cipta terhadap penggandaan buku tanpa izin masih dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan penegakan hukum, pengawasan, dan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai hak cipta. Oleh karena itu, penguatan penegakan hukum dan peningkatan edukasi publik diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa perlindungan hak cipta tidak berhenti pada pengaturan normatif, tetapi mampu memberikan perlindungan yang efektif terhadap kepentingan ekonomi dan moral pencipta serta pemegang hak cipta.
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