Perlindungan Hukum Pasien dan Tenaga Medis Dalam Pelaksanaan Medical Check Up
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v9i1.12914Keywords:
Hukum Islam, Hukum Kesehatan, Informed Consent, Perlindungan Pasien, Tenaga MedisAbstract
This study aims to analyze legal protection for patients and medical personnel in the implementation of medical check-ups (MCU) based on Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, and the perspective of Islamic law. This issue is significant because the mass, administrative, and rapid nature of MCU services creates potential legal risks, including weaknesses in informed consent, violations of medical confidentiality, and healthcare disputes. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and Islamic law approaches, analyzed qualitatively. The results show that legal protection for patients is realized through the fulfillment of rights to medical information, informed consent, confidentiality of health data, and access to complaint mechanisms. Meanwhile, medical personnel obtain legal protection as long as they perform their duties in accordance with professional standards, competence, operational procedures, and ethical codes. From the Islamic law perspective, such protection aligns with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah principles, particularly the protection of life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), consent (riḍā), justice, and trust in maintaining medical confidentiality. The novelty of this study lies in integrating the latest Health Law analysis with Islamic law, specifically in the MCU context. This study concludes that positive law and Islamic law complement each other in establishing a comprehensive, fair, and proportional legal protection system.
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perlindungan hukum bagi pasien dan tenaga medis dalam pelaksanaan medical check-up (MCU) berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan dan perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini penting karena karakteristik layanan MCU yang bersifat massal, administratif, dan cepat berpotensi menimbulkan risiko hukum, seperti kelemahan informed consent, pelanggaran kerahasiaan medis, dan sengketa pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan hukum Islam, serta dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi pasien diwujudkan melalui pemenuhan hak atas informasi medis, persetujuan tindakan medis, kerahasiaan data kesehatan, dan mekanisme pengaduan. Sementara itu, tenaga medis memperoleh perlindungan hukum sepanjang menjalankan tugas sesuai standar profesi, kompetensi, prosedur operasional, dan kode etik. Dalam perspektif hukum Islam, perlindungan tersebut sejalan dengan prinsip maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, khususnya perlindungan jiwa (ḥifẓ al-nafs), asas kerelaan (riḍā), keadilan, dan amanah dalam menjaga kerahasiaan medis. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi analisis Undang-Undang Kesehatan terbaru dengan perspektif hukum Islam secara spesifik dalam konteks MCU. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hukum positif dan hukum Islam saling melengkapi dalam membangun sistem perlindungan hukum yang komprehensif, adil, dan proporsional bagi pasien dan tenaga medis.
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