Hukum Perjanjian dalam Integrasi Kecerdasan Buatan Dan Perlindungan Data di Era Bisnis Digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v8i2.11999Abstract
This study aims to analyze the application of fundamental principles of contract law in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) usage and personal data management within the digital business ecosystem, and to formulate a concept of contract law reform responsive to technological advancement. The urgency lies in the growing use of AI in contract formation and data processing in digital agreements, which current Indonesian law does not adequately address. This study applies a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that the principles of consensualism, freedom of contract, good faith, and legal certainty as stipulated in the Civil Code require reinterpretation to remain relevant in contracts involving automated systems. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of personal data protection, as regulated by Law No. 27 of 2022, as a substantive element within digital contract clauses. The conclusion is that without responsive legal reform, digital agreements risk creating imbalances in legal protection and eroding public trust. The study recommends new regulations and the development of soft law instruments such as standardized digital contract guidelines and personal data protection clauses.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip-prinsip dasar hukum perjanjian dalam konteks penggunaan kecerdasan buatan (AI) dan pengelolaan data pribadi dalam ekosistem bisnis digital, serta merumuskan konsep pembaruan hukum perjanjian yang adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi informasi. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada meningkatnya penggunaan AI dalam proses pembuatan kontrak dan pemrosesan data dalam perjanjian digital yang belum sepenuhnya diakomodasi oleh sistem hukum Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip konsensualisme, kebebasan berkontrak, iktikad baik, dan kepastian hukum dalam KUHPerdata perlu direinterpretasi ulang agar relevan dalam perjanjian yang melibatkan sistem otomatis. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi perlindungan data pribadi, sesuai dengan UU No. 27 Tahun 2022, sebagai bagian substantif dalam klausul kontrak digital. Kesimpulannya, tanpa pembaruan hukum yang responsif, perjanjian digital berpotensi menimbulkan ketimpangan perlindungan hukum dan kepercayaan publik yang rendah. Penelitian merekomendasikan perlunya regulasi baru dan pengembangan soft law berupa pedoman standar kontrak digital dan perlindungan data pribadi.
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