Critical Review of Police Performance in Upholding Law Enforcement and Human Rights in Indonesia

Riska Kurnia Ningsih; Hadi Tuasikal

doi:10.26623/julr.v8i1.11757

Authors

Riska Kurnia Ningsih
Hadi Tuasikal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v8i1.11757

Keywords:

Effectiveness, Human Rights, Police

Abstract

This study critically examines the effectiveness of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) in enforcing the law and protecting human rights (HAM), specifically within the framework of national legal instruments. Despite the established legal foundation, including Law No. 2 of 2002 on the Police and Regulation of the Chief of Police No. 8 of 2009, the persistent violations of human rights by police officers highlight significant implementation gaps. These violations have led to a notable decline in public trust, raising questions about the adequacy of current legal frameworks in ensuring the protection of human rights. The urgency of this research lies in identifying the systemic failures in Polri’s performance, particularly the lack of consistent application of human rights principles in policing practices. By analyzing legal documents, case law, and reports from institutions such as Komnas HAM, this study reveals that the ineffective implementation of existing regulations, coupled with weak internal oversight and a culture of impunity, significantly hampers Polri’s ability to uphold human rights. The findings contribute new insights into the disconnect between normative legal standards and their practical application, offering a nuanced understanding of the challenges in reforming law enforcement practices. To address these challenges, the study recommends strengthening legal training, enhancing monitoring mechanisms, and fostering a shift in organizational culture within Polri to ensure better compliance with human rights standards and restore public trust.

References

A’dawiyah, Titi Mahira, and Anang Dony Irawan. “The Dynamics of the Opposition and Coalition Parties within The Indonesian Pancasila Democratic System.” Media of Law and Sharia 4, no. 3 (2023): 184–201.

Anggoro, Syahriza Alkohir. “Rule of Law, Neoliberalisme Dan Proyek Reformasi Hukum World Bank: Perspektif Critical Legal Studies.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 50, no. 1 (2020): 267–83. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol50.no1.2502.

Arif, Muhammad. “Tugas Dan Fungsi Kepolisian Dalam Perannya Sebagai Penegak Hukum Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian.” Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum 13, no. 1 (2021): 91–101. https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v13i1.4165.

Baker, Jacqui. “Reformasi Reversal: Structural Drivers of Democratic Decline In Jokowi’s Middle-Income Indonesia.” Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 59, no. 3 (2023): 341–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2023.2286020.

Christmas, Sandy Kurnia, and Piramitha Angelina. “Efektivitas Kepolisian Sebagai Lembaga Rule of Law Dalam Mengemban Nilai-Nilai Demokrasi.” Tanjungpura Law Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): 14. https://doi.org/10.26418/tlj.v6i1.46572.

Fernando, Ricky Septian, Idham Idham, Harry Kurniawan, Fadlan Fadlan, and Christiani Prasetyasari. “Analisis Yuridis Peran Dan Fungsi Polri Dalam Hal Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Untuk Mewujudkan Penegakan HAM (Studi Penelitian Di Polresta Barelang Kota Batam).” JERUMI: Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary 1, no. 2 (2023): 301–14. https://doi.org/10.57235/jerumi.v1i2.1354.

Gunawan, Arief, and Andri Winjaya Laksana. “Effectiveness of Law Enforcement in Investigation of Criminal Acts of Corruption.” RLJ; Ratio Legis Journal 2, no. 2 (2023): 765–73.

Halim, Aam Ammar, and Robi Mahludi. “Efectiveness of Police Members in Sukabumi Resort.” DIA; Jurnal Administrasi Publik 20, no. 2 (2022): 302–11.

Hamzani, Achmad Irwan, Tiyas Vika Widyastuti, Nur Khasanah, and Mohd Hazmi Mohd Rusli. “Legal Research Method: Theoretical and Implementative Review.” International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (2023): 3610–19. https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.3191.

Idy, Muhammad Yunus. “Law Enforcement Against Members of The Indonesian National Police Commit Crimes.” Substantive Justice International Journal of La 5, no. 2 (2022).

Iskandar, Iskandar, and Nursiti Nursiti. “Peran Organisasi Internasional Dan Regional Dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Perdagangan Orang Di Indonesia.” Jurnal HAM 12, no. 3 (2021): 385. https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2021.12.385-404.

Jainah, Zainab Ompu. “Policy on Criminal Law Enforcement Against Illegular Drugs Syndicate Performers What Members of the Police of the Republic of Indonesia Done.” International Journal of Science and Society 4, no. 3 (2022): 265–73. https://doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v4i3.518.

Kontras. “Laporan Hari Bhayangkara 2024 : ‘Reformasi Polisi Tinggal Ilusi.’” Kontras, 2024.

Marzuki, Suparman. Tragedi Politik Hukum Dan HAM. Yogyakarta: Pusham UII, 2011.

Muhtaj, Majda El, and M. Fahmi Siregar. “Human Rights Education & Policing in Indonedia: A Case Study of the Regional Police of North Sumatra.” Journal of Human Rights and Peace Studies 4, no. 2 (2018): 383–424.

Nasser, Mochammad. “Peran Komisi Kepolisian Nasional Dalam Pengawasan Fungsional Polri.” Jurnal Hukum Sasana 7, no. 1 (2021): 96–116.

Nawawi, Barda. Reformasi Sistem Peradilan (Sistem Penegakan Hukum Di Indonesia). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, 2017.

Nigel D. White, Mary E. Footer, Kerry Senior, Mark van Dorp, Vincent Kiezebrink, Y. Wasi Gede Puraka, and Ayudya Fajri Anzas. Blurring Public and Private Security in Indonesia: Corporate Interests and Human Rights in a Fragile Environment. Netherlands International Law Review. Vol. 65. Springer International Publishing, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-018-0107-8.

Nugraha, I Putu Agus, Mulyadi, and Saddam Husein Rangkuti. “Implementasi Prinsip Dan Standar Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Penyelenggaraan Tugas Kepolisian.” Karimah Tauhid 3, no. 4 (2024): 5021–35. https://doi.org/10.30997/karimahtauhid.v3i4.13012.

Nurhasanah, Lia. “Efektivitas Peraturan Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2009 Dalam Perspektif HAM.” Jurnal Hukum Dan HAM Wicarana 3, no. 8 (2024): 47–60.

Nzai, Sunday Kahindi, and Kibaba Makokha. “Security Governance And Law Enforcement By The National Police: Case Of Nairobi City County,Kenya.” Journal International Social Science Dan Humanities 5, no. 1 (2024): 1–22.

Pardamean, Martin Yogi. “Komnas HAM: Polisi Paling Banyak Diadukan Soal Dugaan Pelanggaran HAM.” Tempo.co, 2024.

Pattisina, Edna Caroline. “Polri Kembali Paling Banyak Diadukan Melanggar HAM.” Kompas.Com, 2023.

Rettoblaut, Yulianus, and Ramlani Lina Sinaulan. “Freedom of Speech According to The Indonesian Legal System.” International Journal Of Research And Innovation In Social Science (IJRISS) 7, no. 2 (2023): 837–41. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.

Ridwan, Muannif, Suhar AM, and Ishaq. “Ideal Formulation of Human Rights Regulation in Indonesia.” Ilomata International Journal of Social Science 4, no. 4 (2023): 537–47. https://doi.org/10.52728/ijss.v4i4.814.

Rusman Sumadi. “Praperadilan Sebagai Sarana Kontrol Dalam Melindungi Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Tersangka.” Jurnal Hukum Sasana 7, no. 1 (2021): 149–62. https://doi.org/10.31599/sasana.v7i1.597.

Saefudin, Yusuf, Muhammad Rustamaji, Supanto Suparto, and Iwan Hertanto. “Police and Law Enforcement of Domestic Violence Crimes Based on Human Rights in Indonesia.” Khazanah Hukum 6, no. 2 (2024): 134–44. https://doi.org/10.15575/kh.v6i2.34357.

Said, Muhammad Nasir, Faisal Malik, and Rusdin Alauddin. “Efektivitas Kinerja Penyidik Profesi Dan Pengamanan (Propam) Dalam Upaya Penegakan Disiplin Polri Di Polda Maluku Utara.” Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 7, no. 2 (2022): 2407–21.

Sembiring, Rudy Kosasih Marlin, and Halimah. “Peran Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Dalam Penerapan Sistem Peradilan Pidana.” Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian 17, no. 3 (2023): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.35879/jik.v17i3.416.

Setiadi, Wicipto. “Penegakan Hukum: Kontribusinya Bagi Pendidikan Hukum Dalam Rangka Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia.” Jurnal Majalah Hukum Nasional 48, no. 2 (2018): 1–22.

Setiaji, Mukhamad Luthfan, and Aminullah Ibrahim. “Kajian Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Negara the Rule of Law: Antara Hukum Progresif Dan Hukum Positif.” Lex Scientia Law Review 1, no. 1 (2017): 69–80. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v1i01.19483.

Setuningsih, Novianti. “Komnas HAM: Polri Pihak Yang Paling Banyak Diadukan Terkait Dugaan Pelanggaran HAM.” Kompas.Com, 2024.

Singh, Danny. “The Causes of Police Corruption and Working towards Prevention in Conflict-Stricken States.” Laws 11, no. 5 (2022): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws11050069.

Soerjono Soekanto. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2014.

Sukarnita, Putu Heri, and I Nyoman Surata. “Peranan Profesi Dan Pengamanan Dalam Penegakan Kode Etik Kepolisian Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Di Kepolisian Resor Buleleng.” Kertha Widya 8, no. 1 (2021): 38–66. https://doi.org/10.37637/kw.v8i1.638.

Tamrin, Husni. “Menyoal Kedudukan Polri Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia Sebagai Negara Demokrasi.” Jurnal Legalitas (JLE) 1, no. 01 (2023): 125–35. https://doi.org/10.58819/jurnallegalitas(jle).v1i01.61.

Tauhid, Hendri, Zainal Abidin Pakpahan, and Nimrot Siahaan. “Tantangan Kepolisian Dalam Penanggulangan Tindakan Premanisme Pada Kejahatan Jalanan (Street Crime).” Jurnal Usm Law Review 7, no. 2 (2024): 986–1005.

Tempo. “Polri Jadi Lembaga Terbanyak Diadukan Soal Pelanggaran HAM, Capai 771 Aduan Di 2023.” Tempo.co, 2024.

Tyler, Tom R., Phillip Atiba Goff, and Robert J. MacCoun. “The Impact of Psychological Science on Policing in the United States: Procedural Justice, Legitimacy, and Effective Law Enforcement.” Psychological Science in the Public Interest 16, no. 3 (2015): 75–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100615617791.

Uliana, Kadek Agung, David P. E. Saerang, Joubert B. Maramis, Frederik G. Worang, and Rudy S. Wenas. “Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan Dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Di Bagian Sdm Kepolisian Daerah Sulawesi Utara.” Jurnal EMBA : Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi 10, no. 2 (2022): 1161–70. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v10i2.41375.

Winarno, Hadi, Bahrul Amiq, and Wahyu Prawesthi. “Law Enforcement on Drug Abuse Perpetrators Committed By Indonesian Policemen.” Ius Positum: Journal Of Law Theory And Law Enforcement 2, no. 2 (2023): 16–29. https://doi.org/10.56943/jlte.v2i2.281.