Perbandingan Peran Pemerintah Daerah Pada Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Tujuan 14 SDGs pada Marine Geopark di Kepulauan Riau dan Papua Barat

Adiyanto Adiyanto; Ninne Zahra Silviani; Shelvi Rusdiana

doi:10.26623/julr.v8i1.11526

Authors

Adiyanto Adiyanto Universitas Internasional Batam
Ninne Zahra Silviani Universitas Internasional Batam
Shelvi Rusdiana Universitas Internasional Batam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v8i1.11526

Keywords:

Government, Marine Geoparks, Riau islands, West Papua

Abstract

This study examines the comparative role of local governments in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14) concerning Marine Geoparks in the Riau Islands and West Papua. The primary focus is on analyzing regulatory hierarchy gaps to demonstrate the importance of local government involvement in achieving sustainable development goals and the need for regulatory improvements to support effective marine resource management. This research employs a normative analysis method and a statutory approach to compare regulations and local government roles in the Riau Islands and West Papua. The study utilizes secondary data obtained through library research and processed using descriptive analysis techniques. The data consists of secondary sources, including primary legal sources and relevant literature. The findings indicate that sustainable development implementation under SDG 14 in the Raja Ampat Marine Geopark is more effective and well-organized, supported by Raja Ampat Regional Regulation No. 27 of 2008 and No. 8 of 2016. In contrast, the Natuna Marine Geopark faces several challenges, such as the lack of specific Geopark regulations, limited accessibility, and minimal utilization of digital technology for promotion and monitoring.

Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan peran pemerintah daerah dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan tujuan 14 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) atau yang disebut pembangunan berkelanjutan terkait Marine Geopark di Kepulauan Riau dan Papua Barat. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kekosongan hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan dengan tujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan pemerintah daerah dapat digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan perlunya perbaikan dalam hierarki peraturan untuk mendukung pengelolaan sumber daya laut secara efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yaitu analisis normatif dan jenis pendekatan penelitian peraturan perundang-undangan (Statue Approach) untuk mengkaji pemahaman melalui perbandingan regulasi dan peran pemerintah daerah di Kepulauan Riau dan Papua Barat. Jenis data yang dikaji adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan teknik studi kepustakaan (library research) yang diolah menggunakan teknik deskriptif analisis. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari data sekunder, mencakup sumber hukum primer, serta literatur yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pengelolaan pembangunan berkelanjutan dengan tujuan 14 SDGs yang diterapkan terhadap Marine Geopark Raja Ampat jauh lebih efektif dan teroganisir dengan didukung oleh Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Raja Ampat Nomor 27 Tahun 2008 dan Perda Nomor 8 Tahun 2016. Sebaliknya, Marine Geopark Natuna masih menghadapi beberapa tantangan, seperti keterbatasan regulasi yang spesifik untuk Geopark, aksesibilitas yang terbatas, serta minimnya pemanfaatan teknologi digital untuk promosi dan monitoring kawasan.

Author Biographies

Adiyanto Adiyanto, Universitas Internasional Batam

Fakultas Hukum
Ninne Zahra Silviani, Universitas Internasional Batam

Fakultas Hukum
Shelvi Rusdiana, Universitas Internasional Batam

Fakultas Hukum

References

Agustin, Andriani Hikmah, Murti Wulandari, and Abdul Amid Jalaludin. “Ancaman Terhadap Perairan Laut Natuna Oleh Pelaku Illegal Fishing.” Jurnal Archipelago 1, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 32–41. https://doi.org/10.69853/ja.v1i1.6.

Alfian, Mochamad Nur, Hesri Mintawati, Deby Dwi Andriani, Sri Marsela, and M Zulfa Abdillah. “Strategi Pengembangan Umkm Ikan Pindang Dalam Rangka Optimalisasi Potensi Di Geopark Ciletuh, Pelabuhan Ratu.” Journal of Global Business, Management And Economics 1, no. 1 (2023): 31–38. https://jurnal.akademisinusantara.id/index.php/management/article/view/13.

Andri Kurniawan, Idham, Hisanari Sugawara, Masayuki Sakakibara, Yayu Arifin Indriati, and Sunarty Suly Eraku. “The Potential of Gorontalo Province as Global Geopark.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 536, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/536/1/012004.

Astuti, Dwi Fuji, Muhammad Syukur, Hamsu Abdul Gani, Abdul Rahman A Sakka, and Najamuddin Najamuddin. “Ekowisata Mangrove Lantebung Di Permukiman Nelayan Kelurahan Bira Kecamatan Tamalanrea Kota Makassar.” Phinisi Integration Review 5, no. 2 (2022): 433. https://doi.org/10.26858/pir.v5i2.33269.

Aulia, Cantika, Egi Nugraha, and Benhard Raja Parlindungan. “Copyright Responsibilities of Artificial Intelligence in the Digital Age.” Indonesia Law Reform Journal 3, no. 2 (July 30, 2023): 145–54. https://doi.org/10.22219/ilrej.v3i2.26042.

Berliandaldo, Mahardhika, and Angga Wijaya Holman Fasa. “Pengelolaan Geowisata Berkelanjutan Dalam Mendukung Pelestarian Warisan Geologi: Perspektif Collaborative Governance.” INOVASI: Jurnal Politik Dan Kebijakan 19, no. 1 (May 19, 2022): 79–97. https://doi.org/10.33626/inovasi.v19i1.529.

Darsiharjo, R Arrasyid, F Urfan, M Ruhimat, I Setiawan, and D S Logayah. “Mobile Gis App For Guiding Geopark At Unesco Global Geopark Ciletuh Palabuhanratu, Indonesia.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 683, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012109. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/683/1/012109.

Dewi, I Gusti Ayu Melistyari, I Gusti Ayu Eka Suwintari, Komang Ratih Tunjungsari, I Made Trisna Semara, and I Wayan Eka Mahendra. “Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengembangan Promosi Destinasi Perhelatan Di Anjungan Batur Geopark , Bangli.” Indonesian Journal of Community and Service 1, no. 2 (2021): 223–29. https://ijocs.rcipublisher.org/index.php/ijocs/article/view/60/32.

Diskominfo. “Rodhial Huda Berharap Melalui Pengeboran Di Laut Natuna, DBH Natuna Naik-Natuna News.” natunakab.go.id, 2021. https://natunakab.go.id/rodhial-huda-berharap-melalui-pengeboran-di-laut-natuna-dbh-natuna-naik/.

Dwi Raharjo, Puguh, Kristiawan Widiyanto, Eko Puswanto, Isyqi, Mohammad Al’afif, Ardhan Farisan, Dimas Aryo Wibowo, Angga Yudaputra, and Anugrah Aditya Insani. “Geosites Exploration and Clustering Analysis of Geodiversity in UGGp Kebumen Geopark Based on the Similarity of Characteristics in a Geomorphosite.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1424, no. 1 (2024): 012001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1424/1/012001.

Fadillah, Alhadi Muhamma. “Analisis Politik Dan Hukum Pelintasan Wilayah Laut Indonesia Oleh Negara Yang Tidak Meratifikasi UNCLOS 1982.” Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial Dan Humaniora 2, no. 4 (2022): 430–41. http://pijarpemikiran.com/index.php/Aufklarung/article/view/316/293.

Faturahman, Burhanudin Mukhamad. “Konseptualisasi Mitigasi Bencana Melalui Perspektif Kkebijakan Publik.” Publisia: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik 3, no. 2 (October 31, 2018). https://doi.org/10.26905/pjiap.v3i2.2365.

Gutiérrez-Ponce, Herenia, and Sigit Arie Wibowo. “Sustainability Reports and Disclosure of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Evidence from Indonesian Listed Companies.” Sustainability 15, no. 24 (December 17, 2023): 16919. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416919.

Hamdan, Roni Ekha Putera, and Hendri Koeswara. “Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Merangin Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 Tentang Perlindungan Dan Pengelolaan Taman Bumi.” Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan 17, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 233–48. https://doi.org/10.47441/jkp.v17i2.281.

Haq, Dawam Nashiruddien, Ninasafitri, Djamal Adi Nugroho Uno, and Ayub Pratama Aris. “Strategi Pengembangan Potensi Geopark Olele, Gorontalo : Destinasi Wisata Geologi Berkelanjutan.” Jurnal Normalita 12, no. 2 (2024): 101–11. https://ejurnal.pps.ung.ac.id/index.php/JN/article/view/2545/1769.

Hartana, and Yusuf Hofni Junior Kilikily. “Eksistensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Dalam Memelihara Perdamaian Dunia.” Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha 10, no. 1 (2022): 528–34. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJPP.

Hawkins, Diemas Sukma. “Global Youth Engagement in Promoting Community Empowerment in Indonesian Geoparks Development: Prospects and Challenges for Indonesia Geopark Youth Forum.” Journal of Social Development Studies 3, no. 1 (2022): 29–40. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsds.3737.

———. “Global Youth Engagement in Promoting Community Empowerment in Indonesian Geoparks Development: Prospects and Challenges for Indonesia Geopark Youth Forum.” Journal of Social Development Studies 3, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 29–40. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsds.3737.

Hidayati, Khairul, and Audrey Tangkudung. “Harmonisasi Pariwisata Dengan Konservasi: Suatu Upaya Membangun Pariwisata Yang Berkelanjutan Di Kabupaten Kayong Utara.” Jurnal Syntax Transformation 2, no. 01 (January 23, 2021): 105–14. https://doi.org/10.46799/jst.v2i1.205.

Hutabarat, Leonard Felix. “Pengembangan Geopark Nasional Indonesia Menuju UNESCO Global Geopark Sebagai Diplomasi Geotourism Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional 19, no. 1 (June 19, 2023): 94–106. https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6000.94-106.

Irhamsyah, Fahmi. “Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Dan Dampaknya Bagi Ketahanan Nasional.” Jurnal Lemhannas RI 7, no. 2 (August 5, 2020): 45–54. https://doi.org/10.55960/jlri.v7i2.71.

Komarudin, Nurul, and Fahrunnisa. “Implementation of Turtle Conservation Policy in the Nipah Essential Ecosystem Area for the Sustainability of Aquatic Resources and Environment.” Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): 360–68. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.4624.

Lestari, Fera. “Identifikasi Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki Di Kota Bandar Lampung.” JICE (Journal of Infrastructural in Civil Engineering) 1, no. 01 (October 14, 2020): 27. https://doi.org/10.33365/jice.v1i01.703.

Lestari, Sri, and Bondan Winarno. “Understanding Indigenous Knowledge In Sustainable Management Of Ntfps Agroforestry In Indonesia: A Case Of Southern Sumatra.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1133, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1133/1/012063.

Mastika, I. Ketut, Soni Sisbudi Harsono, Wheny Khristianto, Panca Oktawirani, and Pandu Satriya Hutama. “Creative Strategies of Local Resources in Managing Geotourism in the Ijen Geopark Bondowoso, East Java, Indonesia.” International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks 11, no. 1 (March 2023): 149–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2023.01.002.

Mawaddah, Hadija, Bambang Dwi Prasetyo, and Ananda Sabil Hussein. “Branding Activities for Raja Ampat Geopark Development in the Pentahelix Model Perspective.” Journal La Sociale 5, no. 2 (2024): 296–308. https://doi.org/10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v5i2.1066.

Ni Made Diana Rani, Diana, Pungky Febi Arifianto, and Aris Sutejo. “Konsep Visual Website Global Geopark Batur: Media Wisata Budaya.” Judikatif: Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Kreatif 6, no. 1 (June 18, 2024): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.35134/judikatif.v6i1.182.

Nugroho, Untung Adi, and Febry Budianto. “Perspektif Eksploitasi Dan Konservasi Dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan Indonesia.” Jurnal Media Perencana 2, no. 1 (2021): 51–67. https://mediaperencana.perencanapembangunan.or.id/index.php/mmp/article/view/20/13.

Nurul Pratiwi, Prisca, Mega Fatimah Rosana, and Kurnia Arfiansyah. “Geotourism Potential on Geosites in Natuna Geopark.” Journal of Geological Sciences and Applied Geology 5, no. 2 (2021): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1424/1/012020.

Panjaitan, Juergen K. Marusaha P. “Peran Pemerintah Daerah Dalah Pengawasan Penanaman Modal Sektor Pariwisata (Studi Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara).” Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2019. http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/16828.

Prasetia, I Nyoman Dodik, Gede Iwan Setiabudi, Kadek Lila Antara, Jasmine Masyitha Amelia, Gressty Sari Br Sitepu, Made Dwipa Kusuma Maharani, Dewi Wulandari, and I Nyoman Suardana. “Potensi Muck Dive Di Perairan Kecamatan Buleleng Bali.” Buletin Oseanografi Marina 12, no. 2 (2023): 192–200. https://doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v12i2.50061.

Purwoko, Agus, Anita Zaitunah, Datuk Ary Andriansyah Samsura, Robert Sibarani, Iskandar Muda, and Cynthia Faustina. “Assessing The Development Potential, Feasibility And Visitor Assessment In The Sipinsur Geosite Natural Tourism Area, Toba Caldera Global Geopark, Indonesia.” GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 49, no. 3 (September 29, 2023): 1075–86. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.49323-1107.

Putri, Novinda Sabilla, and Mohammad Thamrin. “Strategi Promosi Pengelola Ijen Geopark Wilayah Bondowoso Untuk Meningkatkan Kunjungan Wisatawan.” Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen, Dan Perencanaan Kebijakan 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2023): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.47134/jampk.v1i1.11.

Ramzis, Novaldo, and Ramelia Eka Puspita. “Strategi Pengembangan Geotrail Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Geowisata Di Geopark Natuna, Kabupaten Natuna.” Syntax Idea 6, no. 7 (July 20, 2024): 3253–58. https://doi.org/10.46799/syntax-idea.v6i7.4183.

Rasyid, Mohammad Haikal, and Irwan Triadi. “Perlindungan Hukum Atas Kedaulatan Maritim Di Wilayah Perairan Natuna Terhadap Ancaman Illegal Fishing.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Kewarganegaraan 3, no. 1–13 (2024). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3783/causa.v3i11.3383.

Rohmawati, Yuni. “Bupati Natuna Akui Harga Tiket Ke Natuna Mahal, Promosi Pariwisata Harus Digencarkan | Tempo.Co.” Tempo.com, 2024. https://www.tempo.co/hiburan/bupati-natuna-akui-harga-tiket-ke-natuna-mahal-promosi-pariwisata-harus-digencarkan-59723.

Rosalia Silalahi, Dwi Grace. “Analisis Perkembangan Batas Laut Indonesia Di Wilayah Perairan Indonesia, Menurut Hukum Laut Indonesia Maupun Hukum Laut Internasional.” Jurnal Hukum Indonesia 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 60–74. https://doi.org/10.58344/jhi.v2i2.23.

Safitri, Alvira Oktavia, Vioreza Dwi Yunianti, and Deti Rostika. “Upaya Peningkatan Pendidikan Berkualitas Di Indonesia: Analisis Pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).” Jurnal Basicedu 6, no. 4 (June 3, 2022): 7096–7106. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3296.

Salim, Agus, and Liberthin Palullungan. “The Challenges of Environmental Law Enforcement to Implement SDGs in Indonesia.” International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (February 22, 2021): 517–24. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.60.

Sasmito, Sigit D., Mohammad Basyuni, Age Kridalaksana, Meli F. Saragi-Sasmito, Catherine E. Lovelock, and Daniel Murdiyarso. “Challenges and Opportunities for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals Through Restoration of Indonesia’s Mangroves.” Nature Ecology & Evolution 7, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-022-01926-5.

Septiana, Ana R, Yusdi N Lamatenggo, Hanang Samodra2, and M Hanif Fikri. “Geological Heritage, Biodiversity and Culture Linkage in Raja Ampat Geopark: An Introduction.” International Journal of Geotourism Science and Development 3, no. 2 (2023): 88–100. https://doi.org/10.58856/ijgsd.v3i2.33.

Setyowati, Rosita Ika Aprilia, and Marita Ahdiyana. “Strategi Pengembangan Geopark Nasional Karangsambung-Karangbolong Menuju Global UNESCO Di Kabupaten Kebumen Strategy.” Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research 2, no. 4 (2024): 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/joppar.v2i4.22289.

Sidik, Andi Saiful, Rully Novie Wurarah, and Djumiati Mustiah. “Enhancing Sustainable Waste Management in Raja Ampat: Assessing the Waste Bank Model’s Effectiveness in the Face of Socioeconomic Challenges.” Journal of Character and Environment 2, no. 1 (2024): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.61511/jocae.v2i1.2024.945.

Suhayati, Monika. “Rekonstruksi Regulasi Eksplorasi Dan Eksploitasi Sumber Daya Alam Pada Landas Kontinen.” Journal Kajian 27, no. 1 (2022): 13–28. https://doi.org/10.22212/kajian.v27i1.3587.

Suparno, Fanteri Aji Dharma, and Zahrah Febianti. “Kajian Sistem Penyaliran Pada Tambang Terbuka Granit Pit Barat, PT. XYZ, Kabupaten Karimun, Kepulauan Riau.” Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral (JENERAL) 2, no. 2 (2021): 51. https://doi.org/10.19184/jeneral.v2i2.28501.

Susanawati, and A Pertiwi. “The Red Chili Supply Chain Management Produced From Coastal Land Based On Food Supply Chain Network To Realize Agriculture Sustainability In Bantul Indonesia.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1302, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012144. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1302/1/012144.

Susanti, Ayu Annisa, Arum Asma Antika, Rizky Pratama, Fajar Gemilang Pradana, Sri Handayani, and Sutaryono Sutaryono. “Implementasi Dan Pengembangan Program Unggulan Kampung Iklim (Proklim) Di Desa Kertonatan.” Buletin KKN Pendidikan 4, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 58–68. https://doi.org/10.23917/bkkndik.v4i1.19183.

Tampubolon, Grace Yosevhin, and Ibnu Zulian. “Kerjasama Unesco Dan Indonesia Dalam Pembangunan Wisata Danau Toba Melalui Program Global Geopark.” Action Research Literate 8, no. 3 (2024): 378–85. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46799/arl.v8i3.268.

Tan, David. “Metode Penelitian Hukum: Mengupas Dan Mengulas Metodologi Dalam Menyelenggarakan Penelitian Hukum.” NUSANTARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial 8, no. 8 (2021): 2463–78. http://jurnal.um-tapsel.ac.id/index.php/nusantara/index.

Tan, Winsherly, and Indry Wulandari Irawan. “Kontekstualisasi Peraturan Daerah Kota Batam Terkait Pencemaran Lingkungan Perspektif Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).” Maleo Law JournaL 8, no. 2 (2024): 193–205. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56338/mlj.v8i2.1468.

Tanaka, Yoshifumi. The South China Sea Arbitration. Handbook on Global Governance and Regionalism. Hart Publishing, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509924844.

Thamrin, Husni. “Educational Aspects in Efforts to Realize SDGs in Indonesia.” Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy 4, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 473–77. https://doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2020.v04i11.007.

Utama, I Gede Angga Adi, Dewe Gede Sudika Mangku, and Ni Putu Rai Yuliartini. “Yurisdiksi International Criminal Court (ICC) Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Rohingnya Dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional.” Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha 3, no. 3 (2020): 208–19. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v3i3.32867.

Wahyudi Sumari, Arwin Datumaya. “The Contributions of Artificial Intelligence in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: Indonesia Case.” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 982, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/982/1/012063.

Wulung, S R P, Y Adriani, B Brahmantyo, and A Rosyidie. “Geotourism in West Bandung Regency to Promote Citatah-Saguling Aspiring Geopark.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 683, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012115. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/683/1/012115.