Writing Guidelines

1. The published article is prepared by using a template manuscript submission.
2. Download the article template format from here.
3. The article can be written in English or Indonesian. An article written in Indonesian should be based on The Enhanced Indonesian Spelling System and the words used in the article should be referred to the normative language (referred to the Indonesian dictionary), meanwhile for English, it needs to be checked using a spell checker (English-American).
4. Manuscript style & format.
5. The manuscript should be between 8-14 pages, ideally around 10 pages, starting from the title to the bibliography, including tables and figures.
6. The IJCES journal does not accept appendices in the proposed manuscript.
7. The manuscript must be free of plagiarism, demonstrated by a Turnitin, iThenticate, or similar check with a maximum similarity of 25%. The proof of this similarity check should be attached when submitting the article as supplementary files.

The title maximum is 20 words (Left, Times New Roman, Each Word Capitalized, 14 Pt, Bold). The title must be written briefly and clearly and must indicate precisely the problem to be raised, not provide opportunities for various interpretations, and not contain abbreviations of words that are not commonly used. State the main idea of the new article first, followed by other explanations.

If the article is part of a student's thesis/final project research, it is recommended that the student be written as author 1, author 2 (according to the number of students), and the supervisor be written as author 3 (next) as well as the corresponding author. The corresponding author is marked with an asterisk (*) and his email address is also written.

Abstract of 250-350 words is written in English. The abstract should provide a brief description of the problem, method, and results of the research. It should be typed in single spacing, Times New Roman 10 point. In addition, keywords need to be provided to highlight the research problem and key terms of the research. The abstract should end with a comment about the importance of the results or overall conclusions.

Keywords consist of 3-5 words, must not be abbreviations, and are written in English.

Introduction

The introduction contains (sequentially) the research background, previous literature review (state of the art) as the basis for a statement of the scientific novelty of the article, a statement of scientific novelty, and the research problem or hypothesis. At the end of the introduction, the purpose of the article study is written. The format of a scientific article should not include a literature review as in a research report but should be in the form of a review of previous literature (state of the art) to show the scientific novelty of the article. Related and latest literature is displayed to support the novelty of the research. The way to write a quotation is (author's name, year).

The method contains the main ingredients used in research and methods used in problem solving including analytical methods. The materials listed here are only the main ingredients. The equipment listed is only the main equipment equipped with the characteristics of the tool.

The results and discussion contain the results of research findings and scientific discussions. Write down scientific findings (scientific findings) obtained from the results of research that has been carried out but must be supported by adequate data. The scientific findings referred to here are not research data obtained.

Tables and figures are placed in the text group after the table or figure is referenced (as close as possible). Images must be guaranteed to print clearly (font size, resolution, and line size must be guaranteed to print clearly). Each image must be provided with a caption below the image. The information on the table is given above the table. Information is written in lowercase except for the first character in each sentence. All figures and tables must be numbered sequentially (Afriyanto, Lastiasih, & Mochtar, 2017). The tables, figures, and captions are in Times New Roman bold 11pt and 1.15 spacing. Text in tables and figures should be in Times New Roman with a minimum of 9pt and a maximum of 11pt with single spacing. There must be an explanation or discussion of the table that appears, namely in the form of an analysis related to the calculations or theory used, not a reading of the numbers in the table.

Each time data is collected or a statement is quoted from another source, the author must provide the reference source. References or citations are written within the text in the format of the author's name and year (Agustawijaya, 2019).

The conclusion describes the answers to the hypotheses and/or the research objectives or scientific findings obtained. The conclusion does not consist of a repetition of the results and discussion, but rather a summary of the findings as anticipated in the objectives or hypotheses, written in paragraph form (not as a list/numbering).

The bibliography contains the references used in this research. References can come from books, journals, seminar proceedings, and websites, with a minimum total of 15 references. At least 80% of the references should be scientific journals published within the last 10 years. It is recommended to use reference and citation management systems like Mendeley, EndNote, Zotero, or others. Everything cited in the text must be included in the bibliography, and vice versa, everything listed in the bibliography must be cited in the text. The bibliography is placed on the last page of the article (not on a new page). The writing format follows the Harvard-APA style, using Times New Roman font, 11 pt size, single spacing, justified alignment, with 0 pt spacing before and after.