Pergeseran Paradigma Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja
Abstract
The paradigm shift in the establishment of a Limited Liability Company by an individual has implications for Company Law in Indonesia. Some of these implications relate to accountability and aspects of supervision in the governance of Limited Liability Companies (good corporate governance), because in an individual company there is no known GMS and the Board of Commissioners. This paper will analyze the paradigm shift in the establishment of a Limited Liability Company in a new approach that has never been used before, namely the perspective of agreement and institutional theory. The method used is normative legal research. The results of the research show that both before the amendment and after the amendment to Law no. 40 of 2007, the legal framework for Limited Liability Companies still adheres to a blend of contract theory and institutional theory. Likewise with the organ structure of the Limited Liability Company also did not experience changes in Law no. 6 of 2023, which consists of GMS, Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners, although it has been recognized that there are individual companies. The result of the absence of GMS and the Board of Commissioners in an individual company is the absence of checks and balances and oversight mechanisms that have the potential to violate the principles of good corporate governance, such as transparency, accountability and responsibility.
Pergeseran paradigma pendirian perseroan terbatas oleh perseorangan telah membawa implikasi terhadap hukum perseroan di Indonesia. Beberapa implikasi tersebut menyangkut pertanggungjawaban dan aspek pengawasan dalam tata kelola Perseroan Terbatas (good corporate governance), sebab dalam perseroan perorangan tidak dikenal adanya RUPS dan Dewan Komisaris. Tulisan ini akan mengananalisis pergeseran paradigma pendirian Perseroan Terbatas dalam pendekatan baru yang belom pernah digunakan sebelumnya, yakni perspektif teori perjanjian dan kelembagaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian mengetengahkan bahwa baik sebelum perubahan maupun setelah perubahan UU No. 40 Tahun 2007, kerangka hukum perseroan terbatas masih menganut perpaduan antara teori perjanjian dan teori kelembagaan. Struktur organ perseroan terbatas juga tidak mengalami perubahan dalam UU No. 6 Tahun 2023, yakni terdiri dari RUPS, Direksi, dan Dewan Komisaris, meskipun telah diakui adanya perseroan perorangan. Pertentangan norma kemudian semakin terlihat dalam Pasal 7 ayat (2) huruf g PP No. 8 Tahun 2021 yang menyiratkan bahwa organ dari perseroan perorangan hanya terdiri dari direktur (direksi) yang juga merangkap sebagai pemegang saham. Artinya tidak terdapat RUPS dan Dewan Komisaris. Akibat dari tidak adanya RUPS dan Dewan Komisaris dalam perseroan perorangan adalah tidak adanya mekanisme check and balances dan pengawasan yang berpotensi melanggar prinsip good corporate governance, seperti transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan tanggung jawab.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Al-Syifa, Muchammad Fauzan. “Problematika Hukum Pengelolaan Usaha Mikro dan Kecil Sebagai Perseroan Perorangan.” Khazanah Multidisiplin 4, no. 1 (2023): 19–34. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15575/kl.v4i1.21313.
Bagenda, Christina. “Filsafat Realisme Hukum Dalam Perspektif Ontologi, Aksiologi, Dan Epistemologi.” Jurnal Ius Constituendum 7, no. 1 (2022): 115–30. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/jic.v7i1.4777.
Deny Noer Wahid, Ilham Dwi Rafiqi. “Manifestation of Eastern Cultural Values by Re-arranging Normon Insulting the President and Vice President.” Hang Tuah Law Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): 60–75. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30649/htlj.v6i1.76.
Febiola, Feliana. “Komparisi Aspek Hukum Perseroan Terbatas Di Indonesia Dan Malaysia.” Jurnal Sains Sosio Humaniora 6, no. 2 (2022): 182–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22437/jssh.v6i2.22906.
Febriansyah Ramadhan, Muhammad Saleh, Ratu Julhijah, Ilham Dwi Rafiqi. “The Phenomenon of Dynastic Politics Following Constitutional Court Decision Number 33/PUU-XIII/2015.” Media Syariah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial 23, no. 2 (2021): 152–60. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jms.v23i2.10724.
Febriansyah Ramadhan, Ilham Dwi Rafiqi. “Antinomy of Community Participation Rights in the Law on the Environmental Sector.” Jurnal Daulat Hukum 4, no. 3 (2021): 171–88. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v4i3.17212.
———. “Menggali Asas-Asas Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Pengujian Undang-Undang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia.” Journal of Judicial Review 24, no. 1 (2022): 35–58. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.37253/jjr.v24i1.5376.
Ida Hanifah, Andryan. “The Rights to Review Policy Rules in the Perspective of Rule of Law.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 21, no. 3 (2021): 321–30. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2021.V21.321-330.
Jimmly Assidiqie, M.Ali.Safaat. Teori Hans Kelsen Tentang Hukum. Jakarta: Sekretariat Jenderal dan Kepaniteraan Mahkamah Konstitusi, 2006.
Kasih, Desak Putu Dewi. “Perseroan Perorangan Pasca UU Cipta Kerja:Perubahan Paradigma Perseroan Terbatas Sebagai Asosiasi Modal.” Arena Hukum 15, no. 1 (2022): 20–37. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2022.01501.2.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 2 ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
Kusuma, Dimas Cahya. “Pertanggungjawaban Perseroan Perorangan Pasca Pergeseran Paradigma Perseroan Terbatas Sebagai Persekutuan Modal.” LEX Renaissance 3, no. 7 (2022): 477–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20885/JLR.vol7.iss3.art3.
Muhammad Habib, Apik Hadiarlamsyah, Lutfizar Wahyu Pramukti Sunardi, Wery Chesar. “Perkembangan Hukum Persaingan Usaha Pasca Berlakunya Perpu Cipta Kerja.” Jurnal USM Law Review 6, no. 1 (2023): 125–40. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v6i1.6569.
Pangesti, Shinta. “Penguatan Regulasi Perseroan Terbatas Perorangan Usaha Mikro dan Kecil dalam Mendukung Pemulihan Ekonomi Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 10, no. 1 (2021): 128. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v10i1.650.
Priyarsono, D.S. “Membangun dari Pinggir: Tinjauan dari Perspektif Ilmu Ekonomi Regional.” Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planing 17, no. 1 (2017): 42–52. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2017.1.1.42-52.
Puspadewi, Anak Agung Ayu Intan. “Ketentuan Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Setelah Berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja.” Jurnal Analisis Hukum 5, no. 1 (2022): 14–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38043/jah.v5i1.3383.
Putu Devi Yustisia Utam, Kadek Agus Sudiarawan. “Perseroan Perorangan Pada Usaha Mikro dan Kecil: Kedudukan dan Tanggung Jawab Organ Perseroan.” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 10, no. 4 (2021): 769. https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2021.v10.i04. p08.
Siregar, Imastian Chairandy, Sunarmi, Mahmul Siregar, dan Detania Sukarja. “Tanggung Jawab dan Tata Kelola Perseroan Perorangan Sebagai Badan Hukum Baru di Indonesia.” Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review 1, no. 1 (2022): 26–35. https://doi.org/10.56128/ljoalr.v1i1.49.
Siti Thali’ah Athina, Eddy Purnama, Efendi Efendi. “Dualisme Hukum Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Pasca Berlakunya Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja.” Jurnal USM Law Review 5, no. 2 (2022): 466–77. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v5i2.4989.
Sonata, Depri Liber. “Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif dan Empiris: Karakteristik Khas dari Metode Penelitian Hukum.” Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 1 (2014): 25–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v8no1.283.
Subekti. Pokok-Pokok Hukum Perdata. Cet.XXXIII. Jakarta: Intermasa, 2011.
Syahrullah, Nasrullah. “Sejarah Perkembangan Perseroan Terbatas di Indonesia.” Fundamental: Jurnal Publikasi Hukum 9, no. 1 (2020): 70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34304/fundamental.v1i1.14.
Ville, Simon P. “Judging Salomon: Corporate Personality and the Growth of British Capitalism in a Comparative Perspective.” Federal Law Review 27 (1999): 212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22145/flr.27.2.3.
Yuliana Duti Harahap, Budi Santoso, Mujiono Hafidh Prasetyo. “Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Perseorangan Serta Tanggung Jawab Hukum Pemegang Saham Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja.” Jurnal NOTARIUS 14, no. 2 (2021): 725–38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/nts.v14i2.43800.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/jic.v8i2.6831
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Ius Constituendum
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Ius Constituendum : Journal Law by Program Studi Magister Hukum Universitas Semarang is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.