Pelayanan Farmasi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta Saat Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/jdsb.v28i1.10726Keywords:
Covid-19, Consultation, Pharmacy, Questionnaire, TelepharmacyAbstract
Covid-19 dengan tingkat penularan yang tinggi telah menjadi pandemi dan mengubah segalanya. Peningkatan kebersihan, sanitasi, dan pembatasan kontak fisik adalah kunci untuk mengurangi kasus. Hal ini memerlukan adaptasi di berbagai bidang termasuk farmasi. Pelayanan penjualan dan konsultasi yang dilakukan secara tatap muka harus diubah dan fasilitas di apotek juga harus disesuaikan. Perubahan ini terjadi di seluruh dunia termasuk DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan adaptasi fasilitas, pelayanan penjualan dan layanan konsultasi pada apotek di DKI Jakarta pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner online yang berisi pertanyaan tertutup dan beberapa pertanyaan terbuka. Sebanyak 329 orang mengikuti survei ini dan menjawab perubahan apa saja yang terjadi. Adaptasi fasilitas apotek dilakukan dengan perbaikan sanitasi (>96%) dan menjaga jarak fisik (menggunakan pembatas, membatasi jumlah orang dan mengurangi jam operasional). 72% apotek melakukan penjualan online melalui Whatsapp. 68,9% melakukan konsultasi online melalui SMSReferences
Hoffmann M et al. 2020. SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor. Cell 181: 271-280.e8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052.
Lu R et al. 2020. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The Lancet 395: 565–574. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8.
Tikellis C, Thomas MC. 2012. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Is a Key Modulator of the Renin Angiotensin System in Health and Disease. Kim SH (ed). International Journal of Peptides 2012: 256294. DOI: 10.1155/2012/256294.
Lovato A, Filippis C De. 2020. Clinical Presentation of COVID-19 : A Systematic Review Focusing on Upper Airway Symptoms DOI: 10.1177/0145561320920762.
Wilder-Smith A, Chiew CJ, Lee VJ. 2020. Can we contain the COVID-19 outbreak with the same measures as for SARS? The Lancet Infectious Diseases 20: e102–e107. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30129-8.
Oran DP, Topol EJ. 2020. Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Annals of Internal Medicine DOI: 10.7326/M20-3012.
Koster ES, Philbert D, Bouvy ML. 2020. Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the provision of pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.07.001
Merks P, Jakubowska M, Drelich E, Damian Ś. 2020. The legal extension of the role of pharmacists in light of the COVID-19 global pandemic DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.05.033.
Austin Z, Gregory P. 2020. Resilience in the time of pandemic: The experience of community pharmacists during COVID-19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.05.027.
Elbeddini A, Yeats A. 2020. Pharmacist intervention amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: From direct patient care to telemedicine. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 13: 1–4. DOI: 10.1186/s40545-020-00229-z.
Liu S, Luo P, Tang M, Hu Q, Polidoro JP, Sun S, Gong Z. 2020. Providing pharmacy services during the coronavirus pandemic. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 42: 299–304. DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01017-0.
Eddy F. 2020. IAI WASPADA COVID-19 Kebijakan & Program IAI selama Pandemi Covid-19.
Dahiru T, Aliyu A, Kene TS. 2006. Statistics in Medical Research : Misuse of Sampling and Sample Size. 5: 158–161.
Hajian-Tilaki K. 2011. Sample size estimation in epidemiologic studies. Caspian journal of internal medicine 2: 289–298.
Neuman WL. 2014. Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Seventh Ed.
Howlett B. 2013. Healthcare Research Methods. : 31–54.
Mathur P. 2011. Hand hygiene: back to the basics of infection control. The Indian journal of medical research 134: 611–620. DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.90985.
World Health Organization. 2009. WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care.
Alzyood M, Jackson D, Aveyard H, Brooke J. 2020. COVID‐19 reinforces the importance of hand washing. Journal of Clinical Nursing 29 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15313.
Wang Y et al. 2020. Reduction of secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in households by face mask use, disinfection and social distancing: a cohort study in Beijing, China. BMJ Global Health 5: e002794. DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002794.
World Health Organization. 2020. Cleaning and disinfection of environmental surfaces in the context of COVID-19.
Prin M, Bartels K. 2020. Social distancing: implications for the operating room in the face of COVID-19 TT - Implications de la distanciation sociale en salle d’opération face à la COVID-19. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d’anesthesie 67: 789–797. DOI: 10.1007/s12630-020-01651-2.
Ahmed F, Zviedrite N, Uzicanin A. 2018. Effectiveness of workplace social distancing measures in reducing influenza transmission: a systematic review. BMC public health 18: 518. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5446-1.
Grant MC, Geoghegan L, Arbyn M, Mohammed Z, McGuinness L, Clarke EL, Wade RG. 2020. The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries. PLOS ONE 15: e0234765.
Aw D. 2020. The non-contact handheld cutaneous infra-red thermometer for fever screening during the COVID-19 global emergency. Journal of Hospital Infection 104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.010.
Gray NJ. 2011. The evolution of online pharmacies. 2: 76–86.
Ariyulinda N. 2017. Urgensi Pembentukan Regulasi Penjualan Obat Melalui Media Online. 24: 37–48.
Rathbone A, Parker P, Norris R, Robinson A, Baqir W, Campbell D, Husband A. 2018. Pharmacy 2.0: Experiences of using WhatsApp as a real time communication tool to deliver out-of-hours pharmacy services. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 14: e28–e29. DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.05.034.
Watson L, Pathiraja F, Brien BO, Beyzade S. 2015. Ensuring safe communication in health care : a response to Johnston et al on their paper ‘“ Smartphones let surgeons know WhatsApp : an analysis of communication in emergency surgical teams .”’ The American Journal of Surgery DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.04.017.
Mcdonough RP, Bennett MS. 2006. Improving Communication Skills of Pharmacy Students Through Effective Precepting. 70.
Ilardo ML, Speciale A. 2019. Pharmacy and Society: How Effective Communication Can Strengthen the Role of Community Pharmacist.
Barik AL, Purwaningtyas RA, Astuti D. 2019. Systematic Review The Effectiveness of Traditional Media ( Leaflet and Poster ) to Promote Health in a Community Setting in the Digital Era : A Systematic Review. 14.
Wald DS, Butt S, Bestwick JP. 2015. One-way Versus Two-way Text Messaging on Improving Medication Adherence : Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials. AJM 128: 1139.e1-1139.e5. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.05.035.
von Schantz S, Katajavuori N, Juppo AM. 2018. The Use of Video Instructions in Patient Education Promoting Correct Technique for Dry Powder Inhalers: An Investigation on Inhaler-Naïve Individuals. Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) 6 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy6040106.
Visscher B, Steunenberg B, Heerdink E, Rademakers J. 2020. Medication self-management support for people with diabetes and low health literacy: A needs assessment. PLOS ONE 15: e0232022. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232022.
Brown-Johnson C, Vilendrer S, Heffernan MB, Winter S, Khong T, Reidy J, Asch SM. 2020. PPE Portraits—a Way to Humanize Personal Protective Equipment. Journal of General Internal Medicine 35: 2240–2242. DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-05875-2.
Zhai Y, Zhu W, Cai Y, Sun D, Zhao J. 2014. Clinical- and cost-effectiveness of telemedicine in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine 93: e312–e312. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000312.
Khan MNB. 2013. Telephone consultations in primary care, how to improve their safety, effectiveness and quality. BMJ quality improvement reports 2: u202013.w1227. DOI: 10.1136/bmjquality.u202013.w1227.
Santoso BS, Rahmah M, Setiasari T, Sularsih P. 2015. Perkembangan dan masa depan telemedika di indonesia. : 10–17.
