Indonesian Journal of Civil Engineering Study
Indonesian Journal of Civil Engineering Study (IJCES) welcomes submissions in the form of research articles, review articles, technical notes, and editorial notes which through double-blind peer-review in the field of civil engineering. The journal’s focus and scope include materials and structural engineering, water resources and hydrology, geotechnical engineering, construction management, and transport system and highway engineering. The IJCES is an open-access journal published biannually in January and July by the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Semarang. Abstracting and Indexing:
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Evaluasi Critical Success Factors terhadap Keberhasilan Proyek Konstruksi menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (Studi Kasus: Proyek Gedung IME UNSOED)
Construction building projects play an important role in supporting infrastructure development; however, their implementation often faces delays, cost overruns, and quality deterioration. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of the factors influencing project success is required. Critical Success Factors (CSFs) are key factors conditions, characteristics, or variables that directly affect a project’s success because they determine what must be managed effectively to achieve project objectives. This study was conducted through interviews and questionnaire surveys administered to project stakeholders. The data were analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to obtain priority weights for each aspect and factor. The results identify seven aspects and twenty-three factors that influence the success of the Integrated Medical Education (IME) Building Project at UNSOED. The quality aspect has the highest priority, with a weight of 0.192. The five most dominant factors are the effectiveness of schedule control and monitoring (0.0744), early risk identification (0.0684), the quality control system and quality documentation (0.0681), compliance with technical quality standards (0.0644), and the level of user satisfaction (0.0593). These findings indicate that the dominant factors should receive primary attention in project management particularly those related to quality, time, and risk management in order to improve overall project success.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indonesian Journal of Civil Engineering Study http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analisis Model Tarikan Perjalanan pada Kawasan Perdagangan Kota Purbalingga (Studi Kasus: Pasar Bobotsari Purbalingga)
Trip generatioan is a concept in transportation planning that explains the relationship between economic activity in an area and the traffic movements it generates. This concept is essential for understanding how market activities influence community mobility and transportation infrastructure needs. Travel, in this context, is defined as the movement of individuals from an origin to a destination to conduct various activities. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of people’s travel behavior to shopping areas and identify the factors that influence travel attraction to those areas. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed at Bobotsari Market in Purbalingga, involving a population of 11,125 people and a sample of 320 respondents. The analysis employed linear regression and correlation coefficient analysis using SPSS software. Based on the results, the model of travel attraction to the Bobotsari Market shopping area is represented by the equation: Y = 1.408 – 0.207(X3) + 0.231(X4) – 0.028(X10), where X3 refers to building floor area, X4 to parking area, and X10 to the price of goods. The characteristics of travelers show that most respondents have 3–4 family members and predominantly use private motorcycles. Motorcycle use is strongly associated with limited parking space, crowded market conditions, travel distances of 2–4.9 km, travel times of 6–10 minutes, and low transportation costs. Most travelers are women aged 21–40 years, originating from the Bobotsari area. The regression results indicate that the building floor area (X3) with sig. 0.023 < 0.05, parking area (X4) with sig. 0.009 < 0.05, and price of goods (X10) with sig. 0.013 < 0.05 significantly influence travel attraction (Y). These findings confirm that larger building space, adequate parking, and affordable goods play key roles in attracting visitors. Several recommendations can be proposed to manage trip attraction to the market, including integrating transportation and land-use planning, improving parking layout to reduce congestion, enhancing pedestrian access, and strengthening public transportation connectivity to the market area.
Beton Ramah Lingkungan menggunakan Serat Serabut Kelapa sebagai Bahan Tambah Campuran Beton
Concrete is the main construction material widely used throughout the world. The development of concrete technology demands better performance, both in terms of mix composition and the addition of additives to enhance concrete strength. This has led to the idea of finding additive materials that can improve concrete strength, one of which is by using coconut fiber as an additional material. This study aims to determine the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of concrete with the addition of coconut fiber at proportions of 0%, 0.7%, and 1.5% of the specimen weight. The study used a water–cement ratio (w/c) of 0.52, and the tests were conducted at the ages of 7 and 28 days. The research methodology used was experimental, with 18 cylindrical and 9 beam specimens. The average compressive strength test results at 12 days for concrete with 0%, 0.7%, and 1.5% coconut fiber additions were 21.27 MPa, 13.10 MPa, and 8.54 MPa, respectively. The estimated 28-day compressive strength results were 25.4 MPa for 0%, 16.2 MPa for 0.7%, and 10.6 MPa for 1.5% fiber content. The average split tensile strength results at 12 days for 0%, 0.7%, and 1.5% fiber content were 0.98 MPa, 1.15 MPa, and 0.75 MPa, respectively. The estimated 28-day split tensile strengths were 1.16 MPa, 1.43 MPa, and 0.92 MPa, respectively. The average flexural strength test results at 7 and 28 days for 0%, 0.7%, and 1.5% coconut fiber additions were 4.62 MPa, 3.16 MPa, and 2.94 MPa, respectively.
Analisis Kapasitas Maksimum Sungai Juana dalam Mengatasi Banjir saat Debit Air Bendung Wilalung Meningkat
Juana River has a watershed area of ​​1,374.61 km2 stretching 67.26 km across Kudus Regency and Pati Regency, Juana River plays a vital role in Pati Regency and its surroundings. However, this river often faces flooding problems, especially when there is an increase in water discharge from the Wilalung Dam. This condition is exacerbated by sedimentation factors, narrowing, and changes in land use along the river flow. This study aims to analyze the maximum capacity of the Juana River in overcoming flooding when the Wilalung Dam water discharge increases. The research methods used include collecting secondary data in the form of rainfall data, topographic data and morphology of the Juana River, the data was obtained through BBWS Pemali Juana and other related agencies. These data are then processed and analyzed using HEC-RAS 6.1 to model river water flow and predict maximum capacity. The results of the hydrological analysis using the Nakayasu HSS method, the planned flood discharge with a 50-year return period of Q = 545 m3/s The river capacity was simulated by dividing the flow discharge to the Juana River by 50 % to 290 m3/s, Hydraulic analysis using HEC-RAS 6.1 software, the simulation results showed that there was still overflow on the existing and planned cross-sections, but the overflow on the planned cross-section was relatively reduced by 28.19 %. To overcome the overflow in the upstream section, a change in the cross-section design was planned with a base width of 30 m, a top width of 38 and a depth of 7 m. Land use arrangements to build flood control dams or carry out river diversion planning schemes used to slow down the flood arrival time and reduce the magnitude of the flood discharge.
Evaluasi Tingkat Pelayanan Simpang pada Persimpangan Jalan Raya Mranggen dan Jalan Raya Kauman
Transportation forms the foundation of economic development. Advances in transportation are crucial for supporting economic activities and accelerating both regional and national development. As economic activity increases, the demand for mobility also rises. To meet this growing demand, the number of motorcycles in Indonesia has increased by 5.95%. This growth has contributed to traffic congestion, particularly at intersections, which are convergence points for various traffic flows. According to data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Central Java Province ranks third in terms of the highest number of motorized vehicles, with Demak Regency being one of the areas most affected. One intersection in Demak Regency that frequently experiences traffic congestion is the intersection of Jalan Raya Mranggen and Jalan Raya Kauman. This condition disrupts community mobility and increases the risk of traffic accidents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the intersection capacity, degree of saturation, and level of service in order to optimize traffic flow performance. The traffic performance at the intersection of Jalan Raya Mranggen and Jalan Raya Kauman can be evaluated by analyzing the level of service (LOS) at the intersection. This evaluation refers to the Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidelines (PKJI) 2023, which provides results in the form of intersection capacity, degree of saturation, delay, and level of service. The method used in this research involves direct observation and data collection at the study site. Based on the evaluation results, the intersection of Jalan Raya Mranggen and Jalan Raya Kauman has a capacity (C) of 2,952 PCU/hour, with a total traffic volume of 3,637 PCU/hour, resulting in a degree of saturation of 1.23 and a delay value of 50.57 seconds/PCU. The conclusion drawn from this study is that the level of service (LOS), as indicated by the delay value of 50.57 seconds/PCU, falls under level E. This signifies a poor level of service at the intersection, indicating the need for intersection management in the form of transitioning from an unsignalized to a signalized intersection.
Analisis Biaya Transportasi Umum Menggunakan Konsep Perbandingan Biaya Operasional antara Penggunaan Ojek Online dan Ojek Konvensional
Transportation is a system consisting of infrastructure or facilities and service systems that allow movement throughout the region. The movement of transportation in Indonesia is mostly served by private transportation, while public transportation services tend to decline. As a result of this, several companies began to appear that had the initiative to open a public transportation business in the form of online motorcycle taxis. However, this makes conventional motorcycle taxis start to be abandoned. The analytical method used in this study uses descriptive analysis and discourse analysis using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data, where with primary data this study can obtain data through interviews and questionnaire results. The purpose of this study was to compare vehicle operating costs (BOK) between online motorcycle taxis and conventional motorcycle taxis. From the results of the study, it was found that the results of the calculation of the BOK for online motorcycle taxis were less than conventional motorcycle taxis, therefore many people switched to using online motorcycle taxis because the prices were more affordable.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Civil Engineering Study http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Perencanaan Hotel 5 Lantai di Jalan Soekarno Hatta Kota Semarang
The economic growth and limited land availability in Semarang City have driven the development of vertical buildings such as hotels and apartments, requiring comprehensive structural planning to ensure durability, earthquake resistance, compliance with SNI standards, and aesthetic appeal. This study aims to design the substructure and superstructure of a 5-story hotel building located on Jalan Soekarno Hatta, Semarang, covering the foundation, columns, beams, slabs, and roof. The planning process utilized primary data from site observations and secondary data from literature and soil investigation results. The design outcomes include the dimensions of primary structural elements, such as beams with dimensions ranging from 250x500 mm to 200x400 mm, columns measuring 50x50 cm, floor slabs with a thickness of 120 mm, and roof trusses made of angled steel profiles sized 80x80x8 mm. Structural calculations were conducted using SAP2000 software to determine moments, shear forces, and torsion values, while foundation planning was performed manually based on local soil data. This study demonstrates that structural planning in accordance with SNI standards can effectively ensure the safety, functionality, and aesthetics of the building.
Copyright (c) 2024 Indonesian Journal of Civil Engineering Study http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analisis Penyebab Keterlambatan Pembangunan Proyek Konstruksi pada Pembangunan Rusun Dosen Politeknik Pekerjaan Umum
Construction delays occur when the project implementation time exceeds the agreed limit, which can be seen from the non-conformity of the project schedule. Various factors that cause delays include materials, labor, equipment, finances, natural conditions, relationships with project owners, and changes that occur during the project. These delays affect the initial agreed plans and have the potential to cause financial problems, leading to extended project completion times and increased costs required. This research was carried out on the Public Works Polytechnic Lecturer Flat Construction project through a questionnaire filled out by 30 respondents, with data analyzed using Likert and Ms. Excel scales. The results of the analysis showed that the project experienced delays, with the main causes being changes in demand from project owners (mean 3.27), schedule discrepancies (mean 3.23), and delays in material delivery (mean 3.23). The largest impact identified was the increase in costs that exceeded the initial estimate (mean 3.20). The recommended solution is to conduct a joint evaluation between office staff and field workers to improve work schedules (mean 3.43)
Perencanaan Kebutuhan Area Parkir Pasar Krempyeng Penggaron Kota Semarang
Parking is a temporary vehicle activity based on land availability, capacity and absorption. Krempyeng Penggaron Market is a traditional market located on Jalan Brigjend Sudiarto, Pedurungan Lor, Pedurungan District, Semarang City, Central Java. The vehicle parking area is located on Jalan Brigjend Sudiarto, Semarang City, precisely in front of the market location. The planning of a parking space for the future is the goal of this study. In order to gather information on parking characteristics, such as parking volume, parking accumulation, parking duration, parking turnover rate, and parking index, the research employed direct observation in the field. The results obtained from this research are the maximum vehicle parking accumulation of 67 vehicles and a parking volume of 183 vehicles which occurred on April 6 2024. The maximum parking duration occurred on April 15 2024 at 07.30 - 08.00 WIB. amounting to 97.66 minutes. The maximum parking turnover rate occurs on April 6 2024 at 07.30 – 08.00 WIB, amounting to 2.11 motorbikes / SRP. The maximum parking index occurred on April 6 2024 at 07.30 – 08.00, amounting to 101.52% and an average of 53.98% on that day. The need for parking space (KRP) for two-wheeled vehicles at Krempyeng Penggaron Market, Semarang City is 74 SRP in 2024, the need for the next 5 years is 100 SRP and the required parking area is 150 m2. Based on vehicle demand data that has been calculated from the results of the analysis, a parking building with specifications of 2 floors with dimensions of 12.9 m x 20 m is planned. The height of each floor is planned to be 3.5 m, with a parking angle of 900.
Perencanaan Jalan Wedung sebagai Jalur Alternatif Mijen Demak ke Kota Demak
Planning for Wedung Road as an alternative route from Mijen Demak to Demak City, the Mijen District Route, Demak Regency is a route that connects Demak Regency to Jepara Regency. The Mijen Demak route has 2 undivided lanes, each lane is approximately 3 meters wide. This traffic diversion causes the Mijen road in Demak Regency to become congested due to limited lane width so that queues often occur. Therefore, to reduce the queue of vehicles on Jalan Wedung, it is necessary to widen the road. The aim of this research is to plan the rigid pavement of Jalan Wedung, Mijen District, Demak using the 2017 Bina Marga Method and geometric planning of Jalan Wedung, Mijen District, Demak. The preparation stages carried out include literature studies regarding all rigid pavement planning materials. Determine all necessary data requirements. The f’s 45 concrete surface layer is 26.5 cm thick, the thin concrete/LMC f’c10 MPa layer is 10 cm thick, the class A aggregate foundation layer is 15 cm thick and the selected embankment is 3 m thick. Using dowel diameter 32 mm, distance 300 mm, length 45 cm. using tie bars with a diameter of 16 mm, a distance of 850 mm and a length of 65 cm. In this study, the CBR test value for Mijen soil was used. The results of the CBR test data distribution show a CBR value of 12.82%. The geometric planning of Jalan Wedung shows a concave type vertical alignment with a vertical curve length of L = 48 m and a horizontal alignment with a total of 3 bends, with a spiral - spiral type.
Analisis Tingkat Kerusakan Jalan Raya menggunakan Metode Bina Marga dan Surface Distress Index (SDI) (Studi Kasus: Jalan Lingkar Timur Kudus)
Roads are vital infrastructure in the land transportation system, playing a crucial role in supporting public mobility and the smooth distribution of goods and services. Good road quality is an important indicator of economic growth, regional connectivity, and equitable national development. However, over time and with high traffic intensity, road pavement conditions tend to gradually degrade. Factors such as extreme weather, poor drainage, low-quality materials, and non-compliance with technical specifications during construction and maintenance processes contribute to accelerating structural and functional damage. One of the affected road sections is the Kudus East Ring Road, which plays a strategic role in connecting industrial areas, residential areas, public facilities, and economic centers in Kudus Regency and its surroundings. This study aims to analyze the level of pavement damage on this section and determine its priority for treatment using two approaches: the Bina Marga method and the Surface Distress Index (SDI). The Bina Marga method classifies road conditions based on visual observation of the type and severity of damage, then determines the Priority Order (UP) as a reference in providing recommendations for periodic and routine maintenance actions. Meanwhile, the SDI method uses a quantitative approach by considering parameters such as the percentage of crack area, crack depth, and the number of holes, and the depth of wheel grooves, which are converted into an SDI score. Comparison of research results shows that the level of damage to the Kudus East Ring Road at STA 1+800 to 3+800 with the Bina Marga method is mostly categorized as light to moderate damage with UP 4-6, while the results of research with the SDI method at STA 1+800 to 3+800 show that the level of damage is mostly categorized as good with an SDI value of 15. This discrepancy reflects the differences in approach and sensitivity between the two methods in assessing road damage.
Analisis Sumur Resapan dalam Mengatasi Banjir di Perumahan Punden Arum Desa Kedunguter Kecamatan Karangtengah Kabupaten Demak
Flooding caused by high-intensity rainfall is a common issue in the Punden Arum residential area, located in Kedunguter Village, Karangtengah District, Demak Regency. This problem has prompted the search for effective solutions to reduce the risk of flooding in the area. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of infiltration wells (resapan wells) in mitigating floods. The analytical methods used include field surveys, hydrological analysis, and infiltration well capacity analysis. The study is based on local rainfall parameters and appropriate design considerations. The hydrological analysis showed that the runoff discharge for a Type 45 house with an area of 846 m² is 0.85 m³/second for a 2-year return period, 1.00 m³/second for a 5-year return period, and 1.07 m³/second for a 10-year return period. Meanwhile, the calculation of the area’s total runoff discharge, which includes both residential and road catchment areas with a total area of 958 m², results in a discharge of 1.23 m³/second for the 10-year return period, based on the runoff coefficient (C) value. The planned infiltration wells are designed with a height of 2 meters and a radius of 0.5 meters (1-meter diameter), resulting in a total storage volume of 15.7 m³ and an infiltration discharge of 2.261 m³. In the study area, a total of 10 infiltration wells are planned, capable of accommodating a total rainwater runoff volume of 17.961 m³. The results of the infiltration well planning indicate that the design is effective in retaining rainwater runoff in the study area, as the total storage volume of the infiltration wells exceeds the required runoff volume.
Analisa Tingkat Pelayanan Pengguna Aplikasi Ojek Online terhadap Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
The development of transportation technology has a significant impact on people's mobility, including in the student environment. Online motorcycle taxi applications are one of the practical, fast, and affordable transportation solutions. This study aims to analyze the level of service of online motorcycle taxi applications for students of the University of Muhammadiyah Semarang, with a focus on service quality, ease of use of the application, security, punctuality, and price and promo factors. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires distributed to 150 active students from various faculties. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, including the calculation of mean, median, mode to evaluate user perceptions of online motorcycle taxi services. The results of the study showed that most respondents were satisfied with online motorcycle taxi services, with an average value 4 in the category of "Agree" to "Strongly Agree". The ease of application and punctuality are the main indicators of user satisfaction. In addition, the existence of promos and ease of access are also a special attraction for students. This study is expected to provide input for online motorcycle taxi service providers in improving service quality, as well as being an academic reference in the field of technology-based transportation.
Durability and Mechanical Performance of Ceramic Waste Powder and Activated Zeolite Blended Concrete under Sulfate and Chloride Attack
This study examines the mechanical and durability properties of concrete incorporating a binary supplementary cementitious material (SCM) comprising ceramic waste powder (CWP) and activated zeolite (AZ) in a 1:1 ratio. Six concrete mixes with cement replacement levels of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% were assessed under exposure to 5% Na₂SO₄ and 3.5% NaCl. Durability testing involved wet-dry cycling for 28, 56, and 90 days. The results indicate that the mix with 20% CWP-AZ (M3) exhibited optimal performance, retaining over 92% of its strength, achieving the lowest sorptivity (0.221 mm/√s), and demonstrating a significant reduction in mass loss (2.1%) ANOVA (F = 14.72, p < 0.001) and regression modeling confirmed significant durability gains. The findings offer a sustainable solution for concrete used in offshore and oilfield infrastructures.
Perbandingan Flexible Pavement dan Rigid Pavement pada Jalan Raya Timur Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kendal Provinsi Jawa Tengah
East Kaliwungu Main Road in Kendal Regency is one of the primary routes that has suffered considerable damage due to high traffic volumes, particularly from heavy vehicles. This study aims to analyze and compare the thickness and cost requirements of two pavement systems—flexible pavement and rigid pavement—based on the 2017 Bina Marga design guidelines. The input data include an average daily traffic (ADT) of 7,786 vehicles (in SMP units) and a subgrade CBR value of 6.66%. The design results indicate that the flexible pavement structure, with a design service life of 20 years, consists of a 4 cm AC-WC layer, a 6 cm AC-BC layer, a 10.5 cm AC-Base layer, and a 30 cm Class A aggregate base course, with a total construction cost of IDR 13,420,200,000.00. Meanwhile, the rigid pavement structure, designed for a 40-year service life, comprises a 28.5 cm cement concrete slab, a 10 cm lean mix concrete (LMC) subbase, and a 15 cm drainage layer, with a total construction cost of IDR 18,982,995,000.00. In terms of initial construction cost, rigid pavement requires a higher investment. However, it demonstrates greater resistance to heavy traffic loads and entails lower maintenance requirements over the long term.
Analisis Kinerja Perlintasan Sebidang Rel Kereta Api Jalan Jagalan Mranggen
Mranggen District is a densely populated region inside Demak Regency, notable for its C-type mining resources. The high population density and industrial zone contribute to elevated traffic volume. Observations indicate that the road segment near the Jagalan Road level crossing suffers from congestion, extended waits, and significant delays. An investigation is required to assess the performance and service level at the Jagalan Road level crossing based on these data. The performance evaluation of the level crossing was conducted using the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI) 2023 methodology, in accordance with the stipulations outlined in the regulation of the Director General of Land Transportation Number 770 of 2005. The study findings indicated that the maximum traffic flow at the level crossing was recorded on Saturday, February 23, 2025, reaching 1014.9 pcu/hour, against a road capacity of 3360 pcu/hour, yielding a saturation degree of 0.30 and a service level of B. In the assessment of level crossing requirements and the identification of level crossings, the Jagalan Road crossing may be upgraded to a grade-separated crossing.
Perencanaan Struktur Gedung Pusat Edukasi dan Kreativitas di Kota Semarang
Educational buildings have a strategic role in supporting educational progress by providing facilities and a conducive learning environment. In order to meet these needs, an Education and Creativity Center Building Structure was designed in Semarang City. Technically, the building structure planning considers the geologic condition of Semarang City which is prone to earthquakes. Therefore, structural analysis was conducted using SAP2000 software to ensure the safety and stability of the building. The main structure uses reinforced concrete (f'c = 30 MPa) and reinforcing steel (fy = 420 MPa), with structural components such as K1 (80 x 80 cm) and K2 (45 x 45 cm) columns, B1 (35 x 70 cm) and B2 (25 x 50 cm) type beams, 13 cm thick floor slabs, and a steel roof structure truss system for construction efficiency. For the foundation system, 15-meter-long spun pile with a diameter of 50 cm are used, which are connected to pile cap types PC1, PC2 and PC3 as load spreading elements. Tie beams measuring 30×60 cm are used to structurally tie the foundation. All structural elements were designed with strength, material efficiency, and sustainability in mind, so that the building is expected to become an educational and creative center that can support community growth and improve the quality of education in Semarang.
Analisis Kinerja Simpang Bersinyal di Jl. Ahmad Yani Kota Semarang Menggunakan Alat Bantu Software VISSIM
The increase in traffic volume at the signalized intersection on Jalan Ahmad Yani Semarang City, causes congestion that has the potential to disrupt the smooth flow of traffic. The method used is to model the existing conditions of the intersection in VISSIM, then conduct simulations to obtain performance data such as traffic volume, degree of saturation, waiting time, and vehicle delay. The results of the study indicate that high traffic volume and suboptimal traffic light cycles cause vehicle deceleration at red lights and acceleration at green lights, resulting in congestion and congestion. The current simulation shows an average queue length of 127.63 meters with a maximum queue length of 227.20 meters, and an average vehicle delay of 99.69 seconds, which is categorized as Level of Service (LOS_F), indicating very poor traffic conditions. In reducing the very bad LOS, then for next 5 years it is necessary to have recommendations that can improve traffic flow such as diverting one-way traffic flow on the arms of Jl. Ki Mangunsarkoro and Jl. East Erlangga.
Komparasi Tingkat Kerusakan Jalan antara Metode PCI dan Bina Marga (Studi Kasus: Jalan Raya Demak-Kudus, Gajah, Kabupaten Demak)
Roads are a vital element of infrastructure that support public mobility and drive economic growth. Road damage can disrupt traffic flow, increase vehicle maintenance costs, and potentially cause accidents. In Demak Regency, particularly on the Demak-Kudus Highway in Gajah District, road damage has become a major challenge in infrastructure maintenance.This study compares two methods of road condition assessment: the Pavement Condition Index ( (PCI)) and the Bina Marga method. PCI evaluates road conditions on a scale of 0-100, while the Bina Marga method uses the Priority Order (UP) system to determine repair needs. The research results indicate that PCI scores range from 50 (Fair) to 89 (Excellent), suggesting that most roads are still usable but require maintenance. The Bina Marga method produces an average UP score of 6.17 highlighting the need for periodic maintenance. Based on the comparison, the PCI method provides a more detailed assessment of road damage, whereas the Bina Marga method is more effective in prioritizing repairs. A combination of both methods can serve as an optimal solution for road maintenance planning.
Analisis Kinerja Simpang APILL dengan Metode PKJI 2023 (Studi Kasus: Simpang Majapahit Kota Semarang)
The queue length at signalized intersections (APILL) significantly affects traffic congestion and overall traffic efficiency. This study analyzes the queue length at the Majapahit Intersection in Semarang through field measurements and the application of the 2023 Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM/PKJI 2023) to identify approaches exceeding threshold values and validate the results against applicable standards. The findings indicate that queue lengths range from 71.72 m to 187.72 m, with the longest queue observed on the Gajah Raya Road approach (Degree of Saturation, DS = 1.15), surpassing the acceptable limit of 0.85. In contrast, the Brigjen Sudiarto Road and Majapahit Road approaches remain within safe operational thresholds. Validation results highlight the need for increased capacity and improved traffic management to reduce queue lengths. To enhance intersection performance, the study recommends improvements in road geometry, signal phase adjustments, and the implementation of more effective traffic management strategies aimed at minimizing queuing, reducing delays, and improving traffic flow.
Analisa Tingkat Kepuasan Pengguna Aplikasi Ojek Online oleh Mahasiswa Dalam Perjalanan ke Kampus Universitas Semarang
This study aims to analyze the satisfaction level of Universitas Semarang students in using online motorcycle taxi applications as the primary mode of transportation to campus. Online motorcycle taxis offer efficient mobility solutions through ease of access, speed, and flexibility, making them a popular choice among students with busy academic schedules. This research employs a quantitative method, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 active undergraduate students at Universitas Semarang. The variables analyzed include service quality, application usability, punctuality, pricing and promotions, and safety. Data analysis was conducted using statistical methods, including validity and reliability tests, linear regression analysis, and descriptive analysis through the SPSS application. The results indicate that most students are reasonably satisfied with the services provided, especially in the aspects of application usability and punctuality. Factors such as service quality and promotions also positively influence satisfaction levels. However, key challenges include fluctuating prices and comfort during trips, which require further improvements. Safety is a primary concern, particularly for students traveling at night. This study also identifies that driver behavior, vehicle conditions, and security features within the application are essential elements influencing user perceptions. The study provides recommendations for online motorcycle taxi service providers to enhance price transparency, develop security features such as emergency buttons and real-time tracking, and offer training programs for drivers to deliver better service. Additionally, it suggests that policymakers consider integrating student needs into digital transportation policies, encompassing accessibility and service sustainability. These findings are expected to be not only relevant for online motorcycle taxi providers but also supportive of student mobility efficiency, contributing to their academic success and offering benefits for the broader development of digital transportation.
Perencanaan Struktur Gedung Perkantoran 5 Lantai di Jalan Teuku Umar Kota Semarang
The structural planning for this 5-storey office building is planned to be a building whose structure is earthquake resistant. In building construction planning, it is necessary to obtain effective and efficient structural patterns and dimensions. A building structure located in a vulnerable area must meet standards, be strong and earthquake resistant. Structural Performance Analysis in Multi-Storey Buildings, referring to SNI 1727:2020 – Building Loads, SNI 1726:2019 – Procedures for Earthquake Resistance Planning in Building and Non-Building Structures. Planning for office construction in multi-storey buildings includes the upper and lower structures as well as overall analysis using the Etabs V.20 application. The upper structure includes the roof, beams, columns and floor plates of the building, while the lower structure consists of tie beams. The loads considered in structural element analysis are dead loads, live loads and earthquake loads. The earthquake load entered is the earthquake load using the equivalent static analysis method and response spectrum method. Dimensions of Columns, Beams and Slabs based on Structural Concrete Requirements for Buildings National Standardization Agency (SNI 247: 2019).
Perancangan Ulang Guest House 6 Lantai Semarang
Alongside Indonesia's ever-accelerating development. A secure and cozy place to live is one of the infrastructure and supporting services. Planning for multi-story buildings housing apartments is not equivalent to planning for single-story structures. To enable the intended building to be constructed in compliance with technical principles that are both affordable and safe to use, building planning is required to ascertain the necessary dimensions and amount of reinforcement. Structures that require special planning are those that pose a significant risk because of various elements, including the building's purpose, the type of structure it uses, and its location—whether or not it is in an earthquake-prone area. This project was planned with the advancement of civil engineering and the passage of time in mind, taking into account architectural considerations.The project's functional stability, affordability and ease of execution, the structure's capacity to handle the building system, and the surrounding environmental factors as a new home or dwelling in the city of Semarang. If a structure is prone to being noticeably tipped, shifted, or flipped during the course of the intended building, structural planning is vital to ensure that the structure is considered stable. Structural planning must adhere to the government's regulations.
Analisa Kapasitas Sungai Rawalumbu terhadap Banjir pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Rawalumbu
The Rawalumbu River is located in Rawalumbu District, Bekasi City. High population density, limited land, and poor drainage conditions have reduced water absorption areas, leading to erosion and an increased risk of flooding. This study aims to determine the design discharge and river dimensions required to prevent flooding. Hydrological analysis of planned rainfall was conducted using the Normal, Gumbel Type I, Log Pearson III, and Log Normal methods. The design flood discharge was calculated using the Nakayasu and Snyder Unit Hydrograph methods, while hydraulic analysis was conducted using the HEC-RAS application. Simulation results indicate that flooding occurs under existing conditions but not with the proposed design. It is necessary to increase river dimensions and levee elevation to accommodate larger discharge volumes. Each river section has different cross-sectional dimensions, with the main river featuring a base width of 20 meters, a height of 4 meters, and varying elevations at the upstream and downstream ends. The tributary has smaller dimensions, with a base width of 15 meters and a height of 4 meters. The Rawalumbu River is designed to accommodate a 25-year return period discharge of 81.24 m³/s, with the expectation that it will effectively prevent flooding.
Perencanaan Ulang Jembatan Glapan Timur Kabupaten Grobogan Girder 40 Meter
East Glapan Bridge, Grobogan Regency is an alternative bridge that connects Gubug with Kedungjati, and Grobogan with Semarang City. Because the bridge building is quite old, it needs to be replaced with a new bridge that can function as an alternative route forward. In addition, several years ago, frequent flooding in the river basin had resulted in instability in the nine bridge pillars. In this research, the author used the superstructure of the bridge using prestressed concrete beams and the working load method, where the I girder was chosen as the main structural element. Bridge planning is carried out through manual structural analysis assisted by MS Excel software, with reference to SNI-1725-2016 which explains Loading for Bridges, apart from that also SNI-2833-2016 which discusses Bridge Planning against Earthquake Loads, as well as the latest PKJI (Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines) from 2023, as well as relevant regulations regarding bridge planning. The results of the planning for the East Bridge, Grobogan Regency from the analysis of calculations that have been carried out, obtained 2 pillars and 2 types of girders with dimensions of 1,7 m and 2,1 m. The research results show that the bridge is declared safe and suitable for use, because the capacity value obtained from the calculation analysis exceeds the permit capacity value. Control of 2-way overturning, control of 2-way shear, control of lateral bearing capacity, control of 2-way axial bearing capacity, and control of the allowable bearing capacity of drilled piles showed good results. This analysis concludes that the condition of the planned bridge structure is safe to accept the combination of loads and ultimate loads.
Analisis Penerapan Manajemen Resiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) pada Proyek Pembangunan Kampus II STIE Semarang
Workplace accidents are occurrences that have an impact on workers who carry out construction activities. The level of risk that has an effect ranges from low to severe risk in every workplace accident in construction activities. Data collection was carried out on the implementation of the K3 program in the construction project of the STIE II Semarang campus. Data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to both workers and development implementers. Furthermore, the results of the analysis can be used to evaluate the implementation of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) program to minimize workplace accidents that may occur in the construction process. The research method used is to determine the ranking of each item of the assessment of the implementation of the OHS program which is then analyzed by the Mean value. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the obstacle that became an inhibiting factor in implementing the OHS program in his construction process was the minimum paradigm of workers regarding occupational safety and health. The workers consider that Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is not a basic need at work. The workers feel uncomfortable using PPE when they are at the construction site. In addition, workers are used to working as is without self-protection.
Analisis Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Rumah Tinggal 4 Lantai di Graha Padma Semarang
Over time construction development in Indonesia has experienced very rapid development. The purpose of construction planning is to meet project specifications which include, quality and time coupled with the realization of work safety. The purpose of this study is to find out what factors occur during the implementation and the actions taken from solving the most effective problems during the implementation of the construction of a 4-storey residential house in Graha Padma. The data collection method in this study uses questionnaires distributed to resource persons and surveys in the field to find the beginning of implementation problems. Based on the results of the research conducted, the results of the research were obtained, namely the evaluation process that was not carried out during the planning of the project implementation, including the factors that affect the implementation. Meanwhile, making a new project schedule by considering the risk factors and obstacles faced is an action taken in overcoming implementation problems.
Perencanaan Struktur Gedung Apartemen New Tanjung Semarang
Due to the limited units in the Tanjung Semarang apartment and the large amount of interest from the public, PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk decided to build the New Tanjung Semarang apartments in the same area as the Tanjung Semarang apartments. This report aims to plan the structure of the New Tanjung Semarang Apartment Building as an answer to PT. Bank Mandiri for the large amount of public interest in the Tanjung Semarang apartment. The analytical method is a method used in planning the structural construction of the New Tanjung Semarang Apartment building so that with this method it can be carried out in a structured manner so that the implementation can run smoothly. The structural planning of the building refers to SNI 1726:2019—Structural Concrete Requirements for Buildings, SNI 1727:2020—Minimum Loading Regulations, and SNI 2847:2019—Structural Concrete Requirements for Buildings. These standards are essential for ensuring the safety and stability of buildings in Indonesia. The result of this planning is to obtain the structural elements needed to plan the structure of the New Tanjung Semarang apartment building.
Rekayasa Lalu Lintas Jalan Tirto Agung akibat Aktivitas Antar Jemput Sekolah Al Azhar menggunakan Program VISSIM
Traffic congestion in urban areas has been a major issue for years, considering that the transportation demand cycle does not always allow for resolving congestion through road capacity expansion. Congestion caused by daily activities, such as the Al Azhar school pickup and drop-off, results in vehicle queues on Tirto Agung Street in Banyumanik. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and apply traffic engineering strategies to improve intersection performance. Performance analysis of the intersection was conducted using PKJI 2023, and existing intersection conditions were modeled using VISSIM (Student Version) software. Based on the analysis using PKJI 2023, the existing intersection showed a degree of saturation (DJ) of 0.62, capacity (C) of 2776.48 vehicles/hour, intersection delay (T) of 11.32 seconds/vehicle, and queue probability (Pa) of 16%-34%, with a level of service index (ITP) of C (Sufficient). According to the VISSIM (Student Version) analysis, with the addition of traffic signals, the results showed a vehicle delay (VehDelay) of 8.50 seconds/vehicle, a queue length (Qlen) of 11.91 meters, and a level of service (LOS) of B (Good). Therefore, the traffic engineering recommendation for the Tirto Agung, Estetika Raya, and Klentengsari intersections is to implement a signalized intersection with a cycle time of 49 seconds.
Transport System and Highway engineering
Evaluasi Tingkat Pelayanan Simpang Fatmawati, Kota Semarang
Transportation is a means to support human activities and is also one of the pillars of economic growth. Economic growth also has an impact on population growth. Population growth affects the performance of traffic that occurs. The high traffic flow at Simpang Fatmawati occurs at each approach to the intersection, namely the approach from Brigjen Soediarto Street, the approach from Fatmawati Street, and the approach due Majapahit Street. The traffic performance at Simpang Fatmawati able to assess by reviewing the (LOS) or level of service that occurs. The assessment of the performance of Simpang Fatmawati can be done using the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (2023) method, with results such as intersection capacity, degree of saturation, queue length, number of stopped vehicles, and delays that occur. Furthermore, based on the degree of saturation results, the Level of Service (LOS) of Simpang Fatmawati can be determined. Referring to the analysis results, at the approach from Brigjen Soediarto Street, the queue length is 284 meters. At the approach from Fatmawati Street, the queue length is 272 meters. While at the approach from Majapahit Street, it is 425 meters. At the approach from Brigjen Soediarto Street, the Degree of Saturation (DS) value is 1.09. At the approach from Fatmawati Street, a value of 1.32 is obtained. Meanwhile, at the approach from Majapahit Street, the Degree of Saturation (DS) reaches a value of 2.3. Based on the Degree of Saturation (DS) value and the queue length, the Level of Service of Simpang Fatmawati can also be determined to be at level (F).