EVALUASI KINERJA MOTOR LISTRIK PADA SISTEM MEKANIK BERBASIS KELISTRIKAN DI DEPO KERETA API BLITAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v18i1.14309Keywords:
motor induksi tiga fasa, efisiensi, daya input, daya output, rugi-rugi daya, kinerja motorAbstract
This study was motivated by the importance of electric motor performance as the primary drive in electrically powered mechanical systems in industrial settings, particularly in the air compressor system at the Blitar Railway Depot. A decline in motor performance due to operational and environmental factors can impact energy efficiency and system reliability. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of three-phase induction motors through the analysis of electrical and mechanical parameters to determine the motor’s efficiency level and operational condition. The methodology employed includes direct measurements of parameters such as input power, output power, current, voltage, power factor (cos φ), and rotational speed (RPM), followed by calculations of efficiency and power losses. The results of the study indicate that the motor is still operating in fairly good condition; however, there are indications of a decline in efficiency due to power losses occurring during operation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that periodic evaluations are essential to maintain motor performance and prevent premature failure. The contribution of this research is to provide practical analysis as a basis for predictive maintenance and energy efficiency improvements in industrial systems based on electric motors.
Keywords: three-phase induction motor, efficiency, input power, output power, power losses, motor performance
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya kinerja motor listrik sebagai penggerak utama pada sistem mekanik berbasis kelistrikan di lingkungan industri, khususnya pada sistem kompresor udara di Depo Kereta Api Blitar. Penurunan performa motor akibat faktor operasional dan lingkungan dapat berdampak pada efisiensi energi serta keandalan sistem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kinerja motor induksi tiga fasa melalui analisis parameter kelistrikan dan mekanik guna mengetahui tingkat efisiensi dan kondisi operasional motor. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi pengukuran langsung terhadap parameter seperti daya input, daya output, arus, tegangan, faktor daya (cos φ), dan kecepatan putar (RPM), kemudian dilakukan perhitungan efisiensi serta rugi-rugi daya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motor masih beroperasi dalam kondisi yang cukup baik, namun terdapat indikasi penurunan efisiensi akibat rugi-rugi daya yang terjadi selama operasi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa evaluasi berkala sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga performa motor dan mencegah kerusakan dini. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah memberikan analisis praktis sebagai dasar pemeliharaan prediktif dan peningkatan efisiensi energi pada sistem industri berbasis motor listrik.
References
[1] A. Shevkunova dan N. Shevkunov, “Improving the efficiency and quality of the technological process of repairing traction motors by reducing production defects,” E3S Web Conf., vol. 402, hal. 1–8, 2023, doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202340204003.
[2] A. L. Mikraj, “Perencanaan Perawatan Motor Penggerak Wesel Type T84M dengan Menggunakan,” vol. 4, no. 1, hal. 4491, 2023.
[3] M.-J. Kim dan C.-G. Kang, “Dynamic Analysis of a Piston Air Compressor in a Railway Vehicle Using Sensor Data,” in 2023 23rd International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS), 2023, hal. 1084–1086. doi: 10.23919/ICCAS59377.2023.10316800.
[4] J. Herrera-Guachamin dan J. Antonino-Daviu, “Laboratory experiments for the evaluation of the efficiency of induction motors operating under different electrical and mechanical faults,” in IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2019, hal. 6319–6322. doi: 10.1109/IECON.2019.8927328.
[5] Y. Zhang, J. Yang, dan H. Wang, “Energy efficiency optimization of three-phase induction motors under variable load conditions,” Energy Reports, vol. 8, hal. 1234–1242, 2022.
[6] A. Singh dan B. Kumar, “Performance analysis of induction motor under different loading conditions using real-time monitoring,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 140, hal. 108065, 2022.
[7] M. E. H. Benbouzid dan G. Kliman, “Advanced fault diagnosis and monitoring of induction motors: A review,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 67, no. 12, hal. 10421–10431, 2020.
[8] S. Nandi, H. A. Toliyat, dan X. Li, “Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical motors—A review,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 35, no. 1, hal. 1–15, 2021.
[9] H. Huang, X. Weng, H. Xu, H. Zheng, dan J. Xiang, “Efficiency analysis of motor by B method at different voltages,” in Proc.SPIE, Jan. 2024, hal. 129831D. doi: 10.1117/12.3017714.
[10] P. Pillay dan R. Manyage, “Definitions of voltage unbalance,” IEEE Power Eng. Rev., vol. 21, no. 5, hal. 50–51, 2001.
[11] R. Saidur, “A review on electrical motors energy use and energy savings,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 14, no. 3, hal. 877–898, 2010.
[12] S. J. Chapman, Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 5th ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2012.
[13] C. A. Gross, Electric Machines. 2006. doi: 10.1201/9780429464997-4.
[14] W. Theodore, Electrical Machines, Drives And Power Systems, 6/E. 2006. [Online]. Available: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:Electrical+Machines,+Drives+and+Power+Sytems#0
[15] J. Lemmens dan W. Deprez, Electric Motors. 2012. doi: 10.1002/9781119990048.ch7.
[16] L. Gao, X. Li, dan Z. Chen, “Smart monitoring system for industrial air compressors using IoT-based approach,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 366, hal. 132847, 2022.
[17] A. Khayoon dan K. S. Faraj, Three - Phase Induction Motor. 2021. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13632.66568.
[18] M. Enokizono, “Vector Magnetic Technology for Development of High Efficiency Machines in Oita National Project,” J. Japan Soc. Appl. Electromagn. Mech., vol. 21, hal. 334–339, Jan. 2013, doi: 10.14243/jsaem.21.334.
[19] H. Henao dkk., “Trends in fault diagnosis for electrical machines: A review,” IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag., vol. 15, no. 1, hal. 46–64, 2021, doi: 10.1109/MIE.2020.3038120.
[20] D. A. Pratama, M. Anisah, dan K. A. Setiyadi, “The Three Phase Induction Motor Test Using MATLAB 2021b/SIMULINK at Bukit Energi Servis Terpadu, Ltd,” Int. J. Res. Vocat. Stud., vol. 1, no. 4, hal. 60–65, 2022, doi: 10.53893/ijrvocas.v1i4.84.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Elektrika
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish this journal agree to the following terms:
The author owns the copyright and grants the journal the first publication rights with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which allows others to share the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in the journal.
Authors may enter into separate additional contractual agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the published journal version of the work (e.g., posting it to an institutional repository or publishing it in a book), in recognition of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are allowed and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their websites) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and larger citations of published works (See The Effects of Open Access).
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
