IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM IOT BERBASIS LORA DAN ARIMA UNTUK OPTIMASI DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v17i2.12654Keywords:
ARIMA, LoRa, Sensor Arus Air, JSN-SR04T, IoTAbstract
The current clean water distribution system is still operated manually, which is considered inefficient and prone to delays in the distribution process. Therefore, this study aims to develop a water distribution system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), integrating LoRa communication and ARIMA predictive modeling. The system consists of three ESP32 nodes that communicate with each other via a LoRa network: node 1 functions as a sensor data collector, the gateway node transmits the data to Firebase, and node 2 controls the water pump via a relay. A JSN-SR04T sensor is used to measure water level, while a Water Flow Sensor detects the flow rate. The ARIMA algorithm is implemented to predict water usage patterns based on historical data. Test results show that the JSN-SR04T sensor accurately detects changes in water level with an error of less than 1 cm compared to actual measurements, and the water level percentage displayed on the application aligns with manual calculations. LoRa communication performs optimally at a distance of 10 meters with an RSSI of -47 dBm and SNR of 9.75 dB, but degrades at 100 meters (RSSI -121 dBm, SNR -6.25 dB). The ARIMA model yields prediction errors ranging from 3.81% to 23.13%. This system successfully provides real-time monitoring and water usage prediction to support more efficient and optimized water distribution.
Keywords: ARIMA, Long Range, Water Flow Sensor, JSN-SR04T, IoT
ABSTRAK
Sistem pendistribusian air bersih yang masih dilakukan secara manual dinilai kurang efisien dan berpotensi menimbulkan keterlambatan dalam proses distribusi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem distribusi air berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang mengintegrasikan komunikasi LoRa dan pemodelan prediktif ARIMA. Sistem ini terdiri dari tiga node ESP32 yang saling terhubung melalui jaringan LoRa, yaitu node 1 yang bertugas mengumpulkan data sensor, node gateway yang berfungsi mengirim data ke Firebase, dan node 2 yang mengontrol pompa melalui relay. Sensor JSN-SR04T digunakan untuk mengukur ketinggian air, sementara Water Flow Sensor digunakan untuk mendeteksi debit aliran. Algoritma ARIMA digunakan untuk memprediksi pola penggunaan air berdasarkan data historis. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sensor JSN-SR04T mampu membaca perubahan permukaan air secara akurat dengan selisih kurang dari 1 cm dibandingkan data aktual, dan hasil persentase ketinggian air yang ditampilkan dalam aplikasi sesuai dengan perhitungan manual. Komunikasi LoRa menunjukkan performa optimal pada jarak 10 meter dengan RSSI -47 dBm dan SNR 9,75 dB, namun mengalami penurunan pada jarak 100 meter (RSSI -121 dBm, SNR -6,25 dB). Selain itu, model ARIMA menunjukkan tingkat kesalahan prediksi yang bervariasi antara 3,81% hingga 23,13%. Sistem ini terbukti mampu melakukan pemantauan secara real-time dan memberikan prediksi penggunaan air untuk mendukung distribusi yang lebih optimal.
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